Use of Gas-Sensor Array Technology in Lung Cancer Diagnosis

Abstract

Gas-sensor array technology, which has been much utilized in the field of food technology by the name of 'electronic nose' is drawing attention in diagnosing lung cancer based on the analysis of the exhaled human breath. Much understanding has been accomplished about the composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the human exhaled breath, in spite of some variations depending on research groups due mainly to lack of the standardization of the sensing procedures. Since VOCs may be produced during the process of cellular metabolism, difference in the cellular metabolism between healthy cells and lung cancer cells are expected to be reflected on the composition variation of the exhaled VOCs. Several studies have attempted to apply the gas-sensor array technology to lung cancer analysis using many different types of sensors including metal oxide, carbon black-polymer composite, surface acoustic wave, and gold nanoparticles. In this mini-review VOC as biomarkers, sensor array technology and application of the array technology for the diagnosis of cancer disease have been described.

First-Principles Insight into a Ru-Doped SnS2 Monolayer as a Promising Biosensor for Exhale Gas Analysis

“…14 In fact, some scholars have proposed the application of resistivity-type sensors as promising devices in this field as it definitely provides a quite easy manner for the early diagnosis of lung cancer without pain and invasion. 5,15 From this aspect, the materials with desirable chemical reactivity and high carrier mobility would be on priority to be exploited as potential sensors for VOCs.…”

“…During the gas interaction, electrons will transfer between the adsorbent surface and gas molecules, changing the carrier concentration of the sensor and therefore modifying its electronic behavior . In fact, some scholars have proposed the application of resistivity-type sensors as promising devices in this field as it definitely provides a quite easy manner for the early diagnosis of lung cancer without pain and invasion. , From this aspect, the materials with desirable chemical reactivity and high carrier mobility would be on priority to be exploited as potential sensors for VOCs.…”

Nerve Agents and Their Detection

“…Moreover, sample handling is simple and the analysis takes much less time, which can be crucial in detecting toxic chemicals [50].…”

Metal Oxide Nanorods-Based Sensor Array for Selective Detection of Biomarker Gases

“…Furthermore, some chemical vapors, by-products of metabolic processes, show apparent correlation with a particular disease and possibly indicate potential diseases such as asthma [ 7 ], diabetes [ 8 ], liver diseases [ 9 ], lung cancer [ 10 ], and metabolic disorders [ 11 ], working as biomarkers. However, commercial instruments such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and selected ion-flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) are too bulky and costly to use anytime and anywhere [ 12 ]. They could also not offer continuous or real-time information regarding the present state of indoor or individual patients [ 13 ].…”