Use of Space Syntax Technique to Improve the Quality of Lighting and Modify Energy Consumption Patterns in Urban Spaces

Abstract

Urban lighting is one of the significant issues that urban designers and architects are facing, and it has received a special attention in recent years. Urban lighting pursues critical goals such as preserving the livability of the city during nighttime, providing a sense of security, maintaining the city"s readability, etc. Use of incompatible patterns for lighting design wastes significant amount of energy annually. A master lighting plan for urban areas should be recommended to achieve these goals and prevent wasteful energy use in lighting. One of the solutions for designing an appropriate plan is to notice the pedestrian traffic pattern in the city by considering space syntax model and integration maps analysis. In this research, one of Tehran"s regions has been chosen and its integration map has been generated using appropriate software. Tehran is selected as case study of this research while the results might be applied in other similar cities especially in developing countries. First, based on the integration degree of the passages which reveals pedestrian traffic pattern and considering recommended illuminance standards, the average required lighting has been determined. Second, comparing the measured lighting intensity and the standard amounts reveals the correlation between the presented urban lighting and energy consumption model. Eventually, different solutions for appropriate urban lighting design based on acceptable energy consumption patterns have been suggested.

On the impact of safety requirements, energy prices and investment costs in street lighting refurbishment design

“…For assessing traffic conditions, and so for the right choice of the option for traffic volume parameter of Table A.1, Table B.2 has been adopted. The use of space syntax analyses as a tool for assessing traffic flows in a city has been analysed and confirmed in a lot of case studies [39,41,52,54,56,59,60].…”

Effect of Crumb Rubber on the Moisture and Rutting Behavior of Low-Energy Asphalt and Determining the Best Flow Number Model

“…In the process of urbanization and construction [17,18], a large number of waste materials are produced, one of which is waste tires in the feld of automobile manufacturing [19]. Urban infrastructure is important to promote sustainable development [20][21][22]. Tese waste rubber materials are difcult to degrade naturally, and incineration and landfll will do some harm to the environment and also bring fnancial losses to societies.…”

On the Applicability of the Space Syntax Methodology for the Determination of Street Lighting Classes

“…Street lighting plays a significant role in a city's night landscape, pursuing important goals such as preserving its livability and attractiveness [1,2]. A properly designed street lighting system improves traffic management and road user safety by providing visibility at a greater distance to reduce the occurrence of abrupt maneuvers [3][4][5].…”

“…In 2016, Dwirminani et al adopted space syntax to evaluate the impact of artificial lighting in open green areas at night, showing how lighting influences human behavior in choosing alternative paths [25]. Recently, Kazemidemneh and Mahdavinejad (2018) and Leccese et al (2019) compared measured illuminance values and space syntax results for a large city in Iran and a small city in Italy, respectively [1,26]. In the scientific literature, there are no examples of the use of space syntax as a tool-which is faster and more economic than using a classic traffic observation campaign-for Energies 2020, 13, 1476 3 of 12 lighting designers to select lighting classes and evaluate the minimum lighting requirements for road user safety, on the basis of actual traffic conditions.…”