Use of Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra to Estimate Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod) of Urban Rivers Affected by Treated Sewage

Hur, Jin; Kong, Deguan

doi:10.1080/09593330801984472

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Another peak was found at a wavelength of ∼375 nm, which is designated to HLF for this study. The two observed fluorescence features have been often reported for other sewage samples [9,11,16,17]. The prominent peak in the PLF region is known to be a representative fluorescence characteristic of sewage, serving to discriminate clean river water [18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Estimation of Biological Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand for Combined Sewer Systems Using Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra

Hur

Lee

et al. 2010

Sensors

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Real-time monitoring of water quality for sewer system is required for efficient sewer network design because it provides information on the precise loading of pollutant to wastewater treatment facilities and the impact of loading on receiving water. In this study, synchronous fluorescence spectra and its first derivatives were investigated using a number of wastewater samples collected in sewer systems in urban and non-urban areas, and the optimum fluorescence feature was explored for the estimation of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations of sewer samples. The temporal variations in BOD and COD showed a regular pattern for urban areas whereas they were relatively irregular for non-urban areas. Irrespective of the sewer pipes and the types of the areas, two distinct peaks were identified from the synchronous fluorescence spectra, which correspond to protein-like fluorescence (PLF) and humic-like fluorescence (HLF), respectively. HLF in sewer samples appears to be associated with fluorescent whitening agents. Five fluorescence characteristics were selected from the synchronous spectra and the first-derivatives. Among the selected fluorescence indices, a peak in the PLF region (i.e., Index I) showed the highest correlation coefficient with both BOD and COD. A multiple regression approach based on suspended solid (SS) and Index I used to compensate for the contribution of SS to BOD and COD revealed an improvement in the estimation capability, showing good correlation coefficients of 0.92 and 0.94 for BOD and COD, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…For example, Hur and Kong [11] reported a significant correlation between some selected fluorescence characteristics from synchronous fluorescence spectra and the BOD values for urban river samples affected by the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Biological Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand for Combined Sewer Systems Using Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra

Hur

Lee

et al. 2010

Sensors

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“…The second peak was detected at the wavelengths between 300 nm and 365 nm with the peak shifted toward a longer wavelength for the effluent versus the influent. This peak, denoted as fulvic-like fluorescence (FLF) peak, typically represents the characteristic fulvic acids [10,31,32] because it is commonly observed for surface water enriched with aquatic fulvic acids. The characteristics of the red-shifted FLF peak at the effluent has been utilized for tracking the source of effluent organic matter in the watersheds downstream of WWTP [35].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the BOD test requires five days of incubation to obtain the results and it is often inaccurate at low concentrations [8]. Another problem may arise from the potential presence of heavy metals and toxic substances in wastewater because they may inhibit the biological oxidation of organic constitutes by bacteria, resulting in significant errors in the BOD measurements [9,10]. Meanwhile, the procedure of COD test is followed by the production of undesirable chemical wastes [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Biodegradability of Treated Sewage Samples Using Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra

Lai

Shin²,

Hur

2011

Sensors

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Synchronous fluorescence spectra (SFS) and the first derivative spectra of the influent versus the effluent wastewater samples were compared and the use of fluorescence indices is suggested as a means to estimate the biodegradability of the effluent wastewater. Three distinct peaks were identified from the SFS of the effluent wastewater samples. Protein-like fluorescence (PLF) was reduced, whereas fulvic and/or humic-like fluorescence (HLF) were enhanced, suggesting that the two fluorescence characteristics may represent biodegradable and refractory components, respectively. Five fluorescence indices were selected for the biodegradability estimation based on the spectral features changing from the influent to the effluent. Among the selected indices, the relative distribution of PLF to the total fluorescence area of SFS (Index II) exhibited the highest correlation coefficient with total organic carbon (TOC)-based biodegradability, which was even higher than those obtained with the traditional oxygen demand-based parameters. A multiple regression analysis using Index II and the area ratio of PLF to HLF (Index III) demonstrated the enhancement of the correlations from 0.558 to 0.711 for TOC-based biodegradability. The multiple regression equation finally obtained was 0.148 × Index II − 4.964 × Index III − 0.001 and 0.046 × Index II − 1.128 × Index III + 0.026. The fluorescence indices proposed here are expected to be utilized for successful development of real-time monitoring using a simple fluorescence sensing device for the biodegradability of treated sewage.

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“…However, many researchers have used optical methods, such as fluorescence spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible absorption, which were also used in the qualitative characterization of organic matter in water bodies such as lakes and reservoirs (NGUYEN;HUR, 2011;HESTIR et al, 2015), regions with strong presence of urbanization (HUR; KONG, 2008;LOPARDO;AZEVEDO, 2008;SANTOS et al, 2011;BEM et al, 2013;MENG et al, 2013;DONG et al, 2014;KNAPIK;AZEVEDO, 2014;YU et al, 2015) and oceanic regions (DANG et al, 2014;YAMASHITA et al, 2015). Additionally, researchers have performed comparisons between water bodies' characteristics in different aquatic (WEISHAAR et al, 2003) environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quali-quantitative characterization of organic matter in urbanized drainage basins as a basis for the application of Water Resources Management Instruments

Leithold

Fernandes

Knapik

et al. 2017

RBRH

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The challenge imposed by law no. 9433/97 to establish mechanisms for the recovery of bodies of water led to a dynamic of research that could guarantee not only an adequate understanding of the management instruments but also the technical basis for their application. In this research, emphasis was placed on understanding the dynamics of organic matter (OM) in a drainage basin heavily influenced by anthropogenic activities, through the analysis and interpretation of qualitative and quantitative information. The case study was the Iguaçu River basin, from its headwaters in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba (MRC) to the municipality of União da Vitória . The results obtained showed a large deposition of labile OM in the MRC coming probably from domestic effluents, with consequent DO depletion and water quality degradation. However, after the more urbanized region, there is a reduction in the concentration of OM and the indication of the predominance of pedogenic material, suggesting that in addition to the dilution effect, there is less input of anthropogenic effluents in this region, which results in an improvement in water quality, represented mainly by the recovery of the DO concentration. The combined use of quantitative data and UV-visible spectroscopy was fundamental to comprehend the variation in the characteristics of OM and its sources along the studied section.Keywords: Water quality; UV-Visible; Urban basins; Iguaçu River. RESUMOO desafio imposto pela lei n. 9433/97 de estabelecer mecanismos de recuperação de corpos hídricos induziu a uma dinâmica de pesquisas que pudessem garantir, não só o adequado entendimento dos instrumentos de gestão, mas a fundamentação técnica necessária à sua aplicação. Nesta pesquisa, ênfase foi dada na compreensão da dinâmica da MO em bacia hidrográfica fortemente influenciada pelas atividades antrópicas, através da análise e interpretação conjunta de informações qualitativas e quantitativas. O estudo de caso abordado foi a bacia do rio Rio Iguaçu e os resultados obtidos demonstraram grande aporte de MO lábil na RMC proveniente provavelmente de efluentes domésticos, com consequente depleção do OD e degradação da qualidade das águas. No entanto, após a região mais urbanizada há redução da concentração de MO e a indicação da predominância de material pedogênico, sugerindo que além do efeito de diluição, há menor aporte de efluentes antrópicos nesta região, o que resulta numa melhoria da qualidade das águas, representada principalmente pela recuperação da concentração do OD. A utilização conjunta dos dados quantitativos e da espectroscopia de UV-visível foi fundamental para compreender a variação nas características da MO e de suas fontes ao longo do trecho estudado. Palavras-Chave:Qualidade da água; Uv-Visível; Bacias urbanas; Rio Iguaçu.

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Use of Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra to Estimate Biochemical Oxygen Demand (Bod) of Urban Rivers Affected by Treated Sewage

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Estimation of Biological Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand for Combined Sewer Systems Using Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra

Estimation of Biological Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand for Combined Sewer Systems Using Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra

Estimating the Biodegradability of Treated Sewage Samples Using Synchronous Fluorescence Spectra

Quali-quantitative characterization of organic matter in urbanized drainage basins as a basis for the application of Water Resources Management Instruments

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