Usefulness of lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzymes as indicators of lung damage or inflammation

Abstract

Cytoplasmatic cellular enzymes, like LDH, in the extracellular space, although of no further metabolic function in this space, are still of benefit because they serve as indicators suggestive of disturbances of the cellular integrity induced by pathological conditions. Since LDH is an enzyme present in essentially all major organ systems, serum LDH activity is abnormal in a large number of disorders.Although the increase in total serum LDH activity is rather nonspecific, it is proposed that measurement of LDH activity levels and its isoenzyme pattern in pleural effusion and, more recently, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid may provide additional information about lung and pulmonary endothelial cell injury.

Beneficial effect of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber on experimental ulcerative colitis in rats

“…The observed decrease in ALP due to APME or APAE or PRDS treatment indicates prevention of UC through anti-inflammatory action. LDH is a cytoplasmic enzyme in cells and its extracellular appearance suggests the cell damage, death or tissue injury (Drent et al 1996). The increased LDH levels due to AA indicate that there was colonic tissue damage.…”

1009 Serum lactate dehydrogenase and survival following cancer diagnosis

“…It is expressed in all tissues and its A and B subunits, coded by two different genes LDH-A and LDH-B, combine to construct five isoenzymes (LDH1 to LDH5) with selective distribution among tissues and in serum (Maekawa, 1988). In addition, LDH is known as a marker for tissue injury, inflammation, haemolysis and myocardial infarction (Drent et al, 1996;Kemp et al, 2004;Kato et al, 2006). Elevated LDH levels are seen in cancer patients, and its prognostic value has been shown in several malignancies such as germ cell tumours, lymphoma, melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (Balch et al, 2004;Barlow et al, 2010;Armstrong et al, 2012;Nagle et al, 2013).…”

Recurrent respiratory distress associated with carbamazepine overdose

“…Elevations of the LDH activity in lung tissue and serum, respectively, have been noted in many cases with a history of exposure to pneumotoxicants [17]. Lung parenchyma cells or local inflammatory cells including alveolar macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils may be a potential source of LDH release [18]. This local increase of the LDH level may result in leakage of LDH from the pulmonary interstitium to the vascular system.…”