User Authentication Mechanisms Based on Immersive Technologies: A Systematic Review

Anastasaki, Ioanna; Drosatos, George; Pavlidis, George; Rantos, Konstantinos

doi:10.3390/info14100538

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Вразливості програмного забезпечення. Помилки або недоліки в програмному забезпеченні доповненої реальності можуть бути використані для виконання шкідливого коду або порушення роботи сервісів [6].…”

Section: аналіз загроз та вразливостей у додатках доповненої реальностіunclassified

Ризик-Орієнтоване Оцінювання Кібербезпеки Додатків Доповненої Реальності З Використанням Імеса-Аналізу

Narozhnyi,

Kharchenko

2023

aktt

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The subject of this study is a method for analyzing threats and vulnerabilities and selecting countermeasures to ensure cybersecurity in augmented reality (AR) applications. The goal of this study is to increase the completeness of cybersecurity assessment of AR applications by using a formalized procedure for identifying and analyzing the risks of common threats, vulnerabilities, and types of attacks. This study is based on the well-known IMESA method (analysis of types, consequences and criticality of interventions), which structures the procedure for analyzing and minimizing risks by introducing appropriate countermeasures to ensure acceptable cybersecurity risks. Objectives: to substantiate the set of major cybersecurity threats specific to AR applications; to identify and describe download vulnerabilities in AR systems; to provide a detailed classification of various cyberattacks aimed at AR platforms, considering the results of a study of recent incidents; to use the IMECA method to describe and analyze cybersecurity issues in a structured manner and to propose reliable countermeasures. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained: 1) a classification of threats with a detailed description of how each of them can affect AR applications, namely threats such as software interference, unauthorized access, and malicious hardware embedding; 2) a critical analysis of weaknesses in AR systems, in particular, insecure data storage and insufficient authentication before using sensors, which provides an understanding of possible attack vectors; 3) a detailed description of various attack methodologies, including AR phishing, AR malware, and man-in-the-middle attacks, each illustrated with real-world examples or hypothetical scenarios. A systematic approach using the IMECA framework was used to identify, assess, and ensure the cybersecurity of AR applications using a set of proposed countermeasures. Conclusions. AR technology, despite its revolutionary nature and great potential, poses a unique set of cybersecurity challenges. These challenges are related to the immersive nature of the technology, dependence on real-time data, and integration with the physical world. The study emphasizes that an understanding of the threat landscape, combined with an IMESA-structured approach to risk management, is crucial for the secure development of AR applications. Developers, users, and managers responsible for security policies need to be proactive, innovative, and aligned in their approach to cybersecurity in AR systems.

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Section: аналіз загроз та вразливостей у додатках доповненої реальностіunclassified

Ризик-Орієнтоване Оцінювання Кібербезпеки Додатків Доповненої Реальності З Використанням Імеса-Аналізу

Narozhnyi,

Kharchenko

2023

aktt

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“…Meta specifically needs to strike a balance between achieving convincing motion and visual accuracy to maintain a feeling of presence while ensuring accessibility and scalability across their VR platforms, for consumers. Recent research also emphasizes the significance of understanding user behavior eye movement in order to create user-centric VR experiences [ 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Gaze Dynamics in Virtual Reality through Multiscale Entropy Analysis

Zandi,

Luhan

2024

Sensors

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This study employs Multiscale Entropy (MSE) to analyze 5020 binocular eye movement recordings from 407 college-aged participants, as part of the GazeBaseVR dataset, across various virtual reality (VR) tasks to understand the complexity of user interactions. By evaluating the vertical and horizontal components of eye movements across tasks such as vergence, smooth pursuit, video viewing, reading, and random saccade, collected at 250 Hz using an ET-enabled VR headset, this research provides insights into the predictability and complexity of gaze patterns. Participants were recorded up to six times over a 26-month period, offering a longitudinal perspective on eye movement behavior in VR. MSE’s application in this context aims to offer a deeper understanding of user behavior in VR, highlighting potential avenues for interface optimization and user experience enhancement. The results suggest that MSE can be a valuable tool in creating more intuitive and immersive VR environments by adapting to users’ gaze behaviors. This paper discusses the implications of these findings for the future of VR technology development, emphasizing the need for intuitive design and the potential for MSE to contribute to more personalized and comfortable VR experiences.

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Virtual Reality in Libraries and Information Centres

Neerputh

2025

Encyclopedia of Libraries, Librarianship, and Information Science

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User Authentication Mechanisms Based on Immersive Technologies: A Systematic Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Ризик-Орієнтоване Оцінювання Кібербезпеки Додатків Доповненої Реальності З Використанням Імеса-Аналізу

Ризик-Орієнтоване Оцінювання Кібербезпеки Додатків Доповненої Реальності З Використанням Імеса-Аналізу

Exploring Gaze Dynamics in Virtual Reality through Multiscale Entropy Analysis

Virtual Reality in Libraries and Information Centres

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