Using 3D seismic exploration to detect ground fissure

Abstract

As a kind of supergene geological phenomenon, ground fissure has brought great inconvenience to human life. In addition, it also has a close relationship with earthquake. However, it is very difficult to ascertain the extension depth of ground fissure since its concealment and uncertainty. In this paper, 3D seismic exploration is used to detect ground fissure in Shanxi Province of China. Specific parameters for seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation are analysed. Firstly, seismic data acquisition method and its corresponding parameters are discussed. Small dose explosive sources and high frequency geophones are used. Small trace interval and appropriate fold are also adopted. Secondly, seismic data processing is processed from shot record to seismic profile. Multi-domain loop iteration de-noising is used to get high signal-to-noise ratio data. Accurate near surface model, interactive iteration and residual static correction are used to eliminate the impact of low velocity zone and the static correction problem. Large common middle point bin and small velocity analysis interval are used for high accuracy velocity spectrum analysis. The mute parameter of stretching distortion and the migration aperture are researched for shallow ground fissure detection. Thirdly, seismic data interpretation is processed to get ground fissure distribution. Fault enhanced filter is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio effectively and the chimney cube is used to identify ground fissure automatically. Thus, the specific 3D seismic exploration method used in this paper is suitable for ground fissure detection.

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