Using adsorption chillers for utilising waste heat from power plants

Sztekler, Karol; Kalawa, Wojciech; Stefański, Sebastian; Krzywański, Jarosław; Grabowska, Karolina; Sosnowski, Marcin; Nowak, Wojciech; Makowski, Marcin

doi:10.2298/tsci19s4143s

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Warm water from a district heating system [9]; • Direct burning of fossil fuels, e.g., gas [9]; • Waste heat from exhaust gases [9]; • Waste heat from power plants or combined heat and power systems [9]; • Renewable energy, especially solar energy [10].…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Three-Bed Adsorption Chiller with Desalination Function

et al. 2020

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Energy efficiency is one of the most important topics nowadays. It is strictly related to energy demand, energy policy, environmental pollution, and economic issues. Energy efficiency can be increased and operating costs reduced by using waste heat from other processes. One of the possibilities is to use sorption chillers to produce chilled water and desalinated water. Low-temperature waste heat is not easy to utilize because of the low energy potential. Using adsorption chillers in low-temperature conditions allows utilizing waste heat and producing useful products in many regions of the world. The paper presents the results of an experimental study carried out on a three-bed adsorption chiller with desalination function, using silica gel and water as a working pair. The laboratory test stand included one evaporator, one condenser, and three separate tanks for water, desalinated water, and brine, respectively. The test stands scheme and description were presented. All results were obtained during several test hours with stable temperature conditions in the range of 57–85 °C for the heating water. It is found that the Coefficient of Performance (COP) increased from 0.20 to 0.58 when the heating water temperature increased from 57 to 85 °C. A similar finding is reported for Specific Cooling Power (SCP), which increased from 27 to 160 W/kg as the heating water temperature increased from 57 to 85 °C. It can be concluded that the heating water temperature strongly impacts the performance of the adsorption chiller.

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Three-Bed Adsorption Chiller with Desalination Function

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“…The connection between the evaporator and the reaction chamber is regulated by a valve (11). The amount of water in the evaporator is monitored by a tensometric weight measurement system (15). The water Laboratory vacuum pump (4) is placed on the lower table, next to the evaporator chamber.…”

Section: Test Standmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The connection between the evaporator and the reaction chamber is regulated by a valve (11). The amount of water in the evaporator is monitored by a tensometric weight measurement system (15). The water temperature is monitored by a temperature sensor (14) and the absolute pressure is controlled by pressure sensors (16).…”

Section: Test Standmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of utilizing industrial waste heat and other low-temperature energy sources to supply adsorption devices makes it necessary to conduct optimization studies that will allow for introducing to the market the highly efficient ecological competition for conventional cooling systems powered by electricity [13,14]. In [15], using adsorption chillers for utilizing waste heat from power plants has been proposed. Additional areas of application of the adsorption technology to water desalination or long-term thermal storage increase its attractiveness regarding the assumptions of the low-emission economy that the world is aiming for.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigation of an Intensified Heat Transfer Adsorption Bed (IHTAB) Reactor Prototype

et al. 2021

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The first experience in the operation of intensified heat transfer adsorption bed reactor designed for low-pressure adsorption processes is presented in this paper. This work aims to assess the possibility of fluidizing the porous media bed induced by the pressure difference between the evaporator and the adsorption reactor. The conducted experimental research allowed indicating the type of silica gel recommended to use in fluidized beds of adsorption chiller. The fixed bed of silica gel was observed for the lower pressure differences, while fluidization appeared in the case of the pressure difference between the evaporator and the adsorption chamber higher than 1000 Pa. The most significant differences in the adsorption process between the fixed bed and the fluidized bed are revealed in the changes of sorbent temperatures. The silica gel bed was fluidized with water vapor generated in the evaporator.

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“…Moreover, the adsorption devices do not use harmful HCFCs and HFCs, but are based on environmentally friendly sorbent-sorbate pairs, such as silica gel-water [12], zeolites-water [13], activated carbon-ethanol [14]. Additional advantages of adsorption chillers include low noise level, lack of system vibrations and no moving parts [15]. On the other hand, one of the main disadvantages of adsorption refrigeration equipment is discontinuity of operation and low coefficient of performance (COP), usually not exceeding a value of 0.6 [16], as well as a low specific cooling power (SCP) [17].…”

Section: Desalination Technology Electrical Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Using Steam to Preheat the Beds of an Adsorption Chiller with Desalination Function

et al. 2021

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Adsorption chillers are a promising alternative to traditional compressor-based devices. Adsorption chillers can be supplied with low- or medium-temperature waste heat or heat from renewable energy sources. In addition, they can be used for water desalination purposes. Thus, the adsorption chillers are unique devices that meet essential problems of the modern world: a need to limit the negative impact of humankind on the natural environment and growing problems with access to drinking water. However, adsorption chillers also have disadvantages, including ineffective operation and large size. Therefore, in this paper, the influence of steam utilization on the operation of an adsorption chiller with water desalination function was investigated experimentally, which has not been done before. The research was carried out on the adsorption chiller, working on a silica gel–water pair, installed in the AGH UST Center of Energy. The chiller was modified to preheat the sorbent with the use of steam. The results show that the use of steam instead of water for preheating the bed leads to higher temperatures in the heat exchanger and the bed. As a result, heat transfer from the heating medium to the bed is more intense, and a significant shortening of the desorption process is observed. In the case of using steam for preheating, the desorption time was about 30 s, while for water, it was 300 s. Thanks to this solution, it is possible to reduce the size of the device and increase its efficiency. The proposed solution opens a new course of research on adsorption chillers and broadens the horizon of their applications, as steam is a by-product of many industrial processes.

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Using adsorption chillers for utilising waste heat from power plants

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Experimental Study of Three-Bed Adsorption Chiller with Desalination Function

Experimental Study of Three-Bed Adsorption Chiller with Desalination Function

Experimental Investigation of an Intensified Heat Transfer Adsorption Bed (IHTAB) Reactor Prototype

The Effects of Using Steam to Preheat the Beds of an Adsorption Chiller with Desalination Function

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