Using aerosols to create Nano-scaled membranes that improve gasoline particulate filter performance and the development of Wafer-based membrane coated filter analysis (WMCFA) method

Reusable and Transparent Impaction‐Based Filter with Micro Apertured Multiscale Polymeric Stencil for Particulate Matter Capture

“…The filter efficiency is calculated using Equation (). [ 2,25 ] $$$$\begin{eqnarray} && {\mathrm{Filter\;efficiency}}, \eta \nonumber\\ &&\quad = \frac{{{\mathrm{Amount\;of\;Inlet\;particles}} - {\mathrm{Amount\;of\;Outlet\;particles}}}}{{{\mathrm{Amount\;of\;Inlet\;particles}}}} \nonumber\\ &&\quad \ \ \,\times\, 100\left[\%\right]\end{eqnarray}$$$$…”

“…It is defined as −ln(1 − 𝜂)/∆P, where 𝜂 represents filter efficiency and ∆P represents the pressure drop across the filter. [2,26] The pressure drop (∆P) is the resistance to airflow passing through the filter, measured in pascals (Pa). Table 1 shows the pressure drop values for the tested filters.…”

“…The filter efficiency is calculated using Equation (1). [2,25] Filter efficiency, 𝜂 = Amount of Inlet particles − Amount of Outlet particles Amount of Inlet particles…”

“…Particulate matter (PM) floating in the air influences climate change and threatens ecosystem and human health. [1][2][3][4][5] The PM, which is composed of complex compounds including ammonium, sulfate, nitrate, and carbon materials is categorized into PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 depending on the particle size. [6][7][8] And the latter number indicates the maximum aerodynamic diameter of the particles in the classification.…”