Using biomaterials to improve mesenchymal stem cell therapies for chronic, nonhealing wounds

Abstract

Historically, treatment of chronic, nonhealing wounds has focused on managing symptoms using biomaterial‐based wound dressings, which do not adequately address the underlying clinical issue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell‐based therapy for the treatment of chronic, nonhealing wounds, yet inherent cellular heterogeneity and susceptibility to death during injection limit their clinical use. Recently, researchers have begun to explore the synergistic effects of combined MSC‐biomaterial therapies, where the biomaterial serves as a scaffold to protect the MSCs and provides physiologically relevant physicochemical cues that can direct MSC immunomodulatory behavior. In this review, we highlight recent progress in this field with a focus on the most commonly used biomaterials, classified based on their source, including natural biomaterials, synthetic biomaterials, and the combination of natural and synthetic biomaterials. We also discuss current challenges regarding the clinical translation of these therapies, as well as a perspective on the future outlook of the field.

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in diabetic foot ulcer: An updated comprehensive review

“…As a result of this, many biomaterial conformations have evolved as vehicles for the transport of MSCs, to enhance cell survival and persistence at the site of implantation. 4,213 Scaffolds have been proposed as a solution to these issues because they offer a three-dimensional framework for the movement of cells, their proliferation, and differentiation while also increasing cell survivability and retention at the wound site (Figure 2). 213,214 7.1 | Scaffold-based delivery system…”

“…4,213 Scaffolds have been proposed as a solution to these issues because they offer a three-dimensional framework for the movement of cells, their proliferation, and differentiation while also increasing cell survivability and retention at the wound site (Figure 2). 213,214 7.1 | Scaffold-based delivery system…”

Novel Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Loaded Polyvinylpyrrolidone/SiO2 Nanofiber for Wound Dressing Prepared Using Electrospinning Method

“…Nanofibers are of great interest in the field of drug delivery because they have a high surface area–volume ratio and allow controlled release of active ingredients [ 4 ]. The high surface area–volume ratio and porous nature of these nanofibers make them suitable for applications in vascular transplantation, drug delivery, and wound dressings [ 5 , 6 ]. Nanofibers can be formed by electrospinning technology [ 7 ].…”