Using Biosecurity Measures to Combat Respiratory Disease in Cattle: The Norwegian Control Program for Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bovine Coronavirus

Stokstad, Maria; Klem, Thea Blystad; Myrmel, Mette; Oma, Veslemøy Sunniva; Toftaker, Ingrid; Østerås, Olav; Nødtvedt, Ane

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00167

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…However, some studies confuted this belief reporting how even with a high AMU as part of the common farm management, yet pigs were showing poor welfare conditions and health issues 40 , 41 . Despite the well-known association between biosecurity, welfare standards and animal health and performance 5 , 10 , only few studies explored their influence on AMU in beef cattle 15 , 24 , 42 . For instance, Becker et al 42 reported a drastic reduction of AMU in veal calves following an improvement of those management practices considered as responsible of high AMU (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ohlson et al 9 found an association between lower prevalence of infections with better biosecurity at herd level. In their review, Stokstad et al 10 largely discussed about the importance of implementing biosecurity measures to prevent and reduce respiratory diseases in cattle. Hence, both biosecurity and welfare standards are recognized as basic principles of an efficient livestock management 8,11,12 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of welfare standards and biosecurity practices on antimicrobial use in beef cattle

Diana

Lorenzi

Penasa

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock species and the associated antimicrobial resistance are a global concern, thus strategies for their reduction and a more judicious use are needed. Previous research has revealed a link between improved animal welfare, biosecurity and AMU reduction in pig and dairy sectors, however, little is known about the beef sector. This study aimed to investigate the impact of welfare standards and biosecurity on AMU in beef cattle. Data on performance traits and AMU were collected over a 3.5 year time from 27 specialised beef farms and a treatment incidence was calculated using the defined daily dose for animals. An on-farm assessment was carried out by assigning a score from 0 (very poor) to 100% (very good) to 3 sections: welfare, biosecurity and emergency management. The highest average score was obtained for the welfare section (76%) followed by emergency management (39%) and biosecurity (24%). This suggests that major focus on strategies for the implementation of biosecurity measures and emergency management is needed, due to the low scores reported. A statistically significant lower AMU was observed with improved level of welfare. These results may be helpful for farm benchmarking and highlight the importance of improved animal welfare for an efficient antimicrobial stewardship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of welfare standards and biosecurity practices on antimicrobial use in beef cattle

Diana

Lorenzi

Penasa

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In fact, using sensors that allow monitoring of the reared animals and installing tools that support the farmer and worker activity represent the first step toward guaranteeing better work conditions for farmers and workers. Moreover, monitoring animals allows identifying in real time possible problems in big herds, and therefore, the farmer can decide to intervene rapidly and only on the animals presenting health, welfare, reproductive, or productive problems (5,31,(47)(48)(49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating Lying Behavior With Climate, Body Condition Score, and Milk Production in Dairy Cows

et al. 2020

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Attention on animal behavior and welfare has been increasing. Scientific knowledge about the effect of behavior and welfare on animals' production augmented and made clear the need of improving their living conditions. Among the variables to monitor in dairy cattle farming, lying time represents a signal for health and welfare status as well as for milk production. The aim of this study is to identify the relationship among the lying behavior of dairy cows and milk production, body condition score (BCS), weather variables, and the temperature-humidity index (THI) in the barn from a dairy farm located in Northern Italy. One-year data were collected on this farm with sensors that allowed monitoring of the environmental conditions in the barn and the activity of primiparous lactating cows. Principal components analysis (PCA), factor analysis (FA), generalized linear model select (GLMSelect), and logistic analysis (LA) were carried out to get the relationships among variables. Among the main results, it emerges that the effect of weather parameters is quite restrained, except for THI > 70, which negatively affects the lying time. In addition, the most productive cows are found to lie down more than the less productive ones, and the parameters of milk production, lying time, and BCS are found to be linked by a similar trend.

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“…This could be attributed to the mild clinical signs, and that although the disease can cause problems for dog owners and dog businesses, it does not cause severe societal impact. BCoV, on the other hand, is a major concern, especially in the dairy industry worldwide, causing severe economic losses due to its impact on animal welfare and health, production, and economy [20][21][22]. Hence, this virus has been widely studied and there are also several available assays for studying bovine immunity and virus-host interactions in BCoV infection.…”

Section: Animal Coronaviral Diseases That Could Be Relevant As a Modementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development of vaccines has been challenging, and no antiviral treatment is available. In Norway, a population-based approach has been chosen to combat BCoV in cattle through improved external biosecurity [20]. The core principle is classification of all herds based on serological testing of a pooled sample from selected animals.…”

Section: A Brief Summary Of Bcov Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Naturally Occurring Coronaviral Diseases in Animals Serve as Models for COVID-19? A Review Focusing on the Bovine Model

Wensman

Stokstad

2020

Pathogens

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The current pandemic of COVID-19 has highlighted the importance of basic studies on coronaviruses (CoVs) in general, and severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in particular. CoVs have for long been studied in veterinary medicine, due to their impact on animal health and welfare, production, and economy. Several animal models using coronaviral disease in the natural host have been suggested. In this review, different animal models are discussed, with the main focus on bovine CoV (BCoV). BCoV is endemic in the cattle population worldwide and has been known and studied for several decades. SARS-CoV-2 and BCoV are both betacoronaviruses, where BCoV is highly similar to human coronavirus (HCoV) OC43, encompassing the same virus species (Betacoronavirus 1). BCoV causes respiratory and gastrointestinal disease in young and adult cattle. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the similarities and dissimilarities between BCoV and SARS-CoV-2, as well as discussing the usage of BCoV as a model for human CoVs, including SARS-CoV-2.

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Using Biosecurity Measures to Combat Respiratory Disease in Cattle: The Norwegian Control Program for Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bovine Coronavirus

Cited by 36 publications

References 84 publications

Effect of welfare standards and biosecurity practices on antimicrobial use in beef cattle

Effect of welfare standards and biosecurity practices on antimicrobial use in beef cattle

Relating Lying Behavior With Climate, Body Condition Score, and Milk Production in Dairy Cows

Could Naturally Occurring Coronaviral Diseases in Animals Serve as Models for COVID-19? A Review Focusing on the Bovine Model

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