Using duobinary with first‐ and second‐order optical equalisers for extending transmission distance of optical access networks

Passive Optical Networks Progress: A Tutorial

“…Nowadays, however, high-speed systems are getting off to a big start to solve the problems of dispersions to which a coherent system is immune. Coherent systems are also able to accept chromatic dispersion from 30,000 to 80,000 ps/nm, which would mean a theoretical reaching of system over 3000 km without chromatic dispersion compensation [97][98][99][100][101]. Furthermore, it is theoretically resistant to polarization mode dispersion up to 30 ps.…”

Multilevel Manchester (2 bits/symbol) coding with optical equaliser for increasing the transmission distance of high‐speed fibre optic links

“…Moreover, other multilevel modulation formats such as Duo binary [21], 4-PAM [28], return to zero (RZ) 4-PAM [29][30][31][32] and NRZ/Duo binary [3] had used OEQ as a method of alleviating the dispersion-induced signal distortion and exhibit similar performances.…”

“…The recent emergence of high-bandwidth applications such as highdefinition television, online gaming and cloud computing, have caused an exponential growth in the volumes of data traffic transported over the internet [1][2][3][4]. These bandwidth-heavy applications require the support of optical transmission systems with higher bitrates.…”

Mitigation of dispersion and turbulence in a hybrid optical fibre and free-space optics link using electronic equalisation

“…In [12], 18 Gbaud 32-quadrature amplitude modulation (32-QAM) transmission using an in-phase and quadrature modulator and a tunable optical filter was demonstrated over 22 km of SMF and 100 m FSO links. However, in [3,12] the modulation formats, devices and the detection method adopted were too complex and costly for the practically low-cost optical access networks [13][14][15]. In [16], a bidirectional 10 Gbps hybrid OF-FSO link for use in outdoor environments was proposed, where an erbium-doped fibre amplifier was employed to compensate for losses due to the OF-FSO channel.…”