Using genetic techniques to quantify reinvasion, survival and <i>in situ</i> breeding rates during control operations

Veale, Andrew J.; Edge, K.-A.; McMurtrie, P.; Fewster, Rachel M.; Clout, Mick N.; Gleeson, Dianne

doi:10.1111/mec.12453

Cited by 35 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…Our data did not exhibit significant shifts in genetic diversity between pre‐ and post‐trapping years, which implies that all immigrants to trapped areas came from a single genetic source. A change in the genetic attributes of the recolonized population would occur only if immigrants were genetically differentiated from the pre‐removal populations, regardless of the number of sources (Abdelkrim et al , Russell et al , Veale et al ). Our genetic differentiation analyses did not support multiple genetic populations, so it is likely coyotes in the SRS region are a single, panmictic population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of compensatory immigration on the genetic structure of coyotes

2017

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Despite efforts to reduce their effects on livestock and native ungulates within the southeastern United States, coyotes (Canis latrans) can recover from control programs. It is unknown how coyotes compensate for high mortality following trapping, so there is great interest to identify methods that can provide insight into coyote response to intensive trapping. To investigate if population genetic tools can decipher how coyotes recover from intensive trapping, we combined an empirical test of how genetic differentiation, diversity, and familial structure changed following trapping on the Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina, USA, with spatially explicit genetic simulations. The pre‐ and post‐trapping periods had similar genetic diversities and were not genetically differentiated as expected by either compensatory reproduction or immigration from a single genetic source. The post‐trapping coyote populations exhibited weaker signatures of philopatry with little evidence for increased dispersal distances of young coyotes, which suggests immigration caused a decrease in familial structure. Our simulations indicated that spatial autocorrelation coefficients and observed heterozygosities change as immigration increases, whereas population differentiation, allelic richness, and displacement distances do not. Collectively, our results suggest that coyotes recover from intensive trapping via reproduction and immigration, which likely makes preventing compensation difficult. Monitoring post‐trapping populations may offer more insight into maximizing the effectiveness of control efforts, and based on our simulations, population genetics can provide critical information about the amount of compensatory immigration following trapping. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of compensatory immigration on the genetic structure of coyotes

2017

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“…; Veale et al. ; Waples & Gaggiotti ). This information consequently allows a management design specifically adjusted to population structure and their connectivity to other populations (Estoup & Guillemaud ; Rollins et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Feral Cat Globetrotters: genetic traces of historical human‐mediated dispersal

Koch

Algar

Schwenk

2016

Ecology and Evolution

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Endemic species on islands are highly susceptible to local extinction, in particular if they are exposed to invasive species. Invasive predators, such as feral cats, have been introduced to islands around the world, causing major losses in local biodiversity. In order to control and manage invasive species successfully, information about source populations and level of gene flow is essential. Here, we investigate the origin of feral cats of Hawaiian and Australian islands to verify their European ancestry and a potential pattern of isolation by distance. We analyzed the genetic structure and diversity of feral cats from eleven islands as well as samples from Malaysia and Europe using mitochondrial DNA (ND5 and ND6 regions) and microsatellite DNA data. Our results suggest an overall European origin of Hawaiian cats with no pattern of isolation by distance between Australian, Malaysian, and Hawaiian populations. Instead, we found low levels of genetic differentiation between samples from Tasman Island, Lana'i, Kaho'olawe, Cocos (Keeling) Island, and Asia. As these populations are separated by up to 10,000 kilometers, we assume an extensive passive dispersal event along global maritime trade routes in the beginning of the 19th century, connecting Australian, Asian, and Hawaiian islands. Thus, islands populations, which are characterized by low levels of current gene flow, represent valuable sources of information on historical, human‐mediated global dispersal patterns of feral cats.

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“…S4 GeneCharts created following Veale et al . () showing the pair wise assignment of individuals to either the stream or shore population ( n = 47 stream, n = 48 shore, n = 48 trawl). Table S1 Samples used to generate RAD‐libraries for Illumina sequencing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence for ecological divergence in kokanee salmon

Lemay

Russello

2015

Molecular Ecology

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The evolution of locally adapted phenotypes among populations that experience divergent selective pressures is a central mechanism for generating and maintaining biodiversity. Recently, the advent of high-throughput DNA sequencing technology has provided tools for investigating the genetic basis of this process in natural populations of nonmodel organisms. Kokanee, the freshwater form of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), occurs as two reproductive ecotypes, which differ in spawning habitat (tributaries vs. shorelines); however, outside of the spawning season the two ecotypes co-occur in many lakes and lack diagnostic morphological characteristics. We used restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) sequencing to identify 6145 SNPs and genotype kokanee from multiple spawning sites in Okanagan Lake (British Columbia, Canada). Outlier tests revealed 18 loci putatively under divergent selection between ecotypes, all of which exhibited temporally stable allele frequencies within ecotypes. Six outliers were annotated to sequences in the NCBI database, two of which matched genes associated with early development. There was no evidence for neutral genetic differentiation; however, outlier loci demonstrated significant structure with respect to ecotype and had high assignment accuracy in mixed composition simulations. The absence of neutral structure combined with a small number of highly divergent outlier loci is consistent with theoretical predictions for the early stages of ecological divergence. These outlier loci were then applied to a realistic fisheries scenario in which additional RAD sequencing was used to genotype kokanee collected by trawl in Okanagan Lake, providing preliminary evidence that this approach may be an effective tool for conservation and management.

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Using genetic techniques to quantify reinvasion, survival and in situ breeding rates during control operations

Cited by 35 publications

References 67 publications

Effect of compensatory immigration on the genetic structure of coyotes

Effect of compensatory immigration on the genetic structure of coyotes

Feral Cat Globetrotters: genetic traces of historical human‐mediated dispersal

Genetic evidence for ecological divergence in kokanee salmon

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