Using Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy to Analyze Gas–Solid Reactions

Mernagh, Terrence P.; King, P. L.; McMillan, Paul F.; Berger, J. A.; Dalby, Kim N.

doi:10.2138/rmg.2018.84.5

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…Glauberite is identified by an intense band at 1,002 cm −1 in the Raman spectrum, which is distinct from anhydrite (1,016 cm −1 ; Buzgar et al, ; Lopez‐Reyes et al, ). The sulfate spectra collected using Raman tend to have a broad amorphous band, which suggests that the sulfate coatings are thinner than the penetration depth of the Raman laser, resulting in both the coating and the glass being probed simultaneously (Mernagh et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental run products were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and nanoSIMS element mapping. These analytical methods revealed the chemistry and mineralogy of the different phases in the coatings on the reacted basalts and the chemical modification in the reacted substrates (Dalby et al, ; Mernagh et al, ; Palm et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Single Raman spectra were obtained using a 1‐s integration time with 10 accumulations. At these conditions the laser may sample the material to a depth of 4 μm, depending on the laser transparency of the analyzed material (Mernagh et al, ). The 520.7‐cm −1 band from a pure Si standard was used to test the alignment of the spectrometer prior to the analysis of the coatings.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of Reactions Between SO₂ and Basaltic Glasses for the Mineralogy of Planetary Crusts

et al. 2019

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Basalts are ubiquitous in volcanic systems on several planetary bodies, including the Earth, Mars, Venus, and Jupiter's moon Io, and are commonly associated with sulfur dioxide (SO2) degassing. We present the results of an experimental study of reactions between SO2 and basaltic glasses. We examined Fe‐free basalt, and Fe‐bearing tholeiitic and alkali basalts with a range of Fe3+/Fetotal (0.05 to 0.79) that encompass the oxygen fugacities proposed for most terrestrial planetary bodies. Tholeiitic and alkali basalts were exposed to SO2 at 600, 700, and 800 °C for 1 hr and 24 hr. Surface coatings formed on the reacted basalts; these contain CaSO4, MgSO4, Na2SO4, Na2Ca(SO4)2, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Fe‐Ti‐(Al)‐oxides, and TiO2. Additionally, the SO2‐basalt reaction drives nucleation of crystalline phases in the substrate to form pyroxenes and possible Fe‐oxides. A silica‐rich layer forms between the substrate and sulfate coatings. More oxidized basalts may readily react with SO2 to form coatings dominated by large Ca‐sulfate and oxide grains. On less oxidized basalts (NNO−1.5 to NNO−5), reactions with SO2 will form thin, fine‐grained aggregates of sulfates; such materials are less readily detected by spectroscopy and spectrometry techniques. In contrast, in very reduced basalts (lower than NNO−5), typical of the Moon and Mercury, SO2 is typically a negligible component in the magmatic gas, and sulfides are more likely.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of Reactions Between SO₂ and Basaltic Glasses for the Mineralogy of Planetary Crusts

et al. 2019

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“…The SERS/TERS methods are now routinely and successfully used across a range of scientific disciplines-material sciences, biochemistry, biosensing, catalysis, electrochemistry, and forensic sciences-for which characterizing small amounts (almost at the single-molecule level) of organic compounds is critical. There are many fewer applications in the Earth sciences, although SERS/TERS may be used as an indicator of surface properties, thereby making it relevant for some specific mineral investigations or for the detection of organic molecules on mineral surfaces (Mernagh et al 2018). In the environmental sciences, SERS has been used to detect and characterize organic or inorganic aqueous or airborne contaminants, as well as to detect microbes or nanomaterials in environmental samples (Halvorson et al 2010).…”

Section: Sers and Tersmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Trends in Raman Spectroscopy: From High-Resolution Geochemistry to Planetary Exploration

Beyssac

2020

Elements

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This article reviews nonconventional Raman spectroscopy techniques and discusses present and future applications of these techniques in the Earth and planetary sciences. Time-resolved spectroscopy opens new ways to limit or exploit luminescence effects, whereas techniques based on coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) or surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) allow the Raman signal to be considerably enhanced even down to very high spatial resolutions. In addition, compact portable Raman spectrometers are now routinely used out of the laboratory and are even integrated to two rovers going to Mars in the near future.

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“…Consequently, the photon energy of the scattered light is either decreased or increased with respect to the exciting photon: this is the Raman effect. Note that this photon energy difference corresponds to the specific energy difference between vibrational states of the molecule, thereby imparting molecular information to the Raman signal (Neuville et al 2014;Mernagh et al 2018).…”

Section: Raman Effect In a Few Paragraphsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welcome to Raman Spectroscopy: Successes, Challenges, and Pitfalls

Pasteris

Beyssac

2020

Elements

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Geoscientists quickly recognized the broad applicability of Raman micro-probe spectroscopy to the Earth and planetary sciences, especially after commercially built microprobe instruments became available in the early 1980s. Raman spectra are sensitive to even minor (chemical or structural) perturbations within chemical bonds in (even amorphous) solids, liquids, and gases and can, thus, help identify, characterize, and differentiate between individual minerals, fluid inclusions, glasses, carbonaceous materials, solid solution phases, strain in minerals, and dissolved species in multi-component solutions. The articles in this issue explore how Raman spectroscopy has deepened and broadened our understanding of geological and extraterrestrial materials and processes.

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Using Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy to Analyze Gas–Solid Reactions

Cited by 9 publications

References 158 publications

Implications of Reactions Between SO₂ and Basaltic Glasses for the Mineralogy of Planetary Crusts

Implications of Reactions Between SO₂ and Basaltic Glasses for the Mineralogy of Planetary Crusts

New Trends in Raman Spectroscopy: From High-Resolution Geochemistry to Planetary Exploration

Welcome to Raman Spectroscopy: Successes, Challenges, and Pitfalls

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Using Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy to Analyze Gas–Solid Reactions

Cited by 9 publications

References 158 publications

Implications of Reactions Between SO2 and Basaltic Glasses for the Mineralogy of Planetary Crusts

Implications of Reactions Between SO2 and Basaltic Glasses for the Mineralogy of Planetary Crusts

New Trends in Raman Spectroscopy: From High-Resolution Geochemistry to Planetary Exploration

Welcome to Raman Spectroscopy: Successes, Challenges, and Pitfalls

Contact Info

Product

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Implications of Reactions Between SO₂ and Basaltic Glasses for the Mineralogy of Planetary Crusts

Implications of Reactions Between SO₂ and Basaltic Glasses for the Mineralogy of Planetary Crusts