Using Multiple-Phase Nozzles to Produce Water Droplets for Removing Smaller Dust Particles of Below MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai Station in Bangkok Thailand

Abstract

The research is intentionally aimed to employ the multiple-phase nozzles to produce the 10-micrometer water droplets in gas form to remove less 100-micrometer smaller dust particles by agglomeration process inside street tunnel on heavy traffic point sources at sky train MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai station in Bangkok. The four sets of 100-m hoses with 52 multiple-phase nozzles (208 nozzles) were established on 100-m beams (four beams), which are 21-m wide (5-m apart) and 5.575-m high, and connecting with high pressure pump (1,000 lbs/min) to press clean water 0.076 liters/min through the 10-micrometer orifice nozzles. The spraying time was about every 10 minutes during collecting TSP and PM10 dust by Hi-Volume Air Sampler on five periods of 05:00-08:00, 08:00-11:00, 11:00-14:00, 14:00-17:00, and 17:00-20:00 for 5-consecutive days, 30 November to 4 December 2008. Also, the air temperature, actual vapor pressure, and speed-direction wind measured at 1.5 and 5.0 meters in height underneath of the ceiling and above the roof of MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai station. Results found that the multiple-phase nozzles showed effectiveness to remove the smaller 100-micrometer dust particles underneath of MRT-BTS Saphan Khwai station by spraying 10-micrometer water droplets through 10-micrometer orifice nozzles. The decreasing concentration of TSP northerly 30.25 %, southerly 26.21 %; and also for PM10 northerly 39.96 %, southerly 40.39 %. Moreover, the concentration between street tunnel and northerly were decreased in both TSP (30.38%) and PM10 (40.17 %), and southerly were decreased in both TSP (30.05%) and PM10 (40.88 %). In case, on the central line effects between street tunnel and northerly found the decreases of TSP (30.64%) and PM10 (37.65%), southerly decreases of TSP (33.71%) and PM10 (43.78%). An increase of the 10-micrometer water droplets spraying frequency through multiple-phase nozzles (208 nozzles) is expected to gain more decreasing concentration down to under standard values. In addition, an applying the concentration of smaller 100-micrometer dust particles is useful for setting the automatic pumping operation that would be acceptable to the public.

Limiting Factors on Speed and Load of Diesel Engines Vehicle Urban Air Quality Management in Thailand

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