Using Proline Metabolism Genes in Plant Genetic Engineering

Дубровна, О. В.; Mykhalska, S. I.; Комисаренко, А. Г.

doi:10.3103/s009545272204003x

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Osmotic substances such as soluble sugars, soluble proteins, and proline are accumulated by plants in response to stress. The accumulation of proline, an osmotically active organic substance, assists in retaining water within the cells [ 39 ]. The accumulation of osmotic substances plays a vital role in enabling healthy cell growth and enhancing photosynthesis by reducing the water potential of plant cells and stabilizing the pressure for leaf cell expansion [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Regulation of Photosynthetic-Related Indices, Antioxidant Defense, and Proline Anabolism on Drought Tolerance of Wild Soybean (Glycine soja L.)

Lin,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Plants

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Wild soybean (Glycine soja L.), drought-tolerant cultivar Tiefeng 31 (Glycine max L.), and drought-sensitive cultivar Fendou 93 (Glycine max L.) were used as materials to investigate the drought tolerance mechanism after 72 h 2.5 M PEG 8000 (osmotic potential −0.54 MPa)-simulated drought stress at the seedling stage. The results indicated that the leaves of the G. soja did not wilt under drought stress. However, both the drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive cultivated soybean cultivars experienced varying degrees of leaf wilt. Notably, the drought-sensitive cultivated soybean cultivars exhibited severe leaf wilt after the drought stress. Drought stress was determined to have a significant impact on the dry matter of the above-ground part of the drought-sensitive cultivar Fendou 93, followed by the drought-tolerant cultivar Tiefeng 31, with the lowest reduction observed in G. soja. Furthermore, the presence of drought stress resulted in the closure of leaf stomata. G. soja exhibited the highest proportion of stomatal opening per unit area, followed by the drought-tolerant cultivar Tiefeng 31, while the drought-sensitive cultivar Fendou 93 displayed the lowest percentage. Photosynthesis-related indexes, including photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance, decreased in Fendou 93 and Tiefeng 31 after drought stress, but increased in G. soja. In terms of the antioxidant scavenging system, lower accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in G. soja and Tiefeng 31, along with higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) to counteract excess reactive oxygen species and maintain cell membrane integrity. In contrast, the drought-sensitive cultivar Fendou 93 had higher MDA content and higher activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11) and peroxidase (POD, 1.11.1.7). G. soja and Tiefeng 31 also exhibited less accumulation of osmolytes, including soluble sugar, soluble protein, and free proline content. The activities of δ-OAT, ProDH, and P5CS, key enzymes in proline anabolism, showed an initial increase under drought stress, followed by a decrease, and then an increase again at the end of drought stress in G. soja. Before drought stress, Tiefeng 31 had higher activities of ProDH and P5CS, which decreased with prolonged drought stress. Fendou 93 experienced an increase in the activities of δ-OAT, ProDH, and P5CS under drought stress. The δ-OAT gene expression levels were up-regulated in all three germplasms. The expression levels of the P5CS gene in Fendou 93 and Tiefeng 31 were down-regulated, while G. soja showed no significant change. The expression of the P5CR gene and ProDH gene was down-regulated in Fendou 93 and Tiefeng 31, but up-regulated in G. soja. This indicates that proline content is regulated at both the transcription and translation levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Regulation of Photosynthetic-Related Indices, Antioxidant Defense, and Proline Anabolism on Drought Tolerance of Wild Soybean (Glycine soja L.)

Lin,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…Компонентами цієї мережі є сигнальні посередники (кальцій, активні форми Оксигену (АФО), цАМФ і газотрансмітери -Нітроген оксид, Гідроген сульфід, Карбон монооксид та ін.) (Kolupaev et al, 2022a), деякі стресові метаболіти, зокрема, пролін і поліаміни (Dubrovna et al, 2022;Kolupaev et al, 2022b;Jurkonienė et al, 2023), а також сполуки, що виконують роль медіаторів передачі нервового збудження у тварин; останнім часом їх умовно називають рослинними нейротрансмітерами (мелатонін, серотонін, дофамін, ацетилхолін і γ-аміномасляна кислота) (Akula & Mukherjee, 2020).…”

Section: вступunclassified

Participation of γ-aminobutyric acid in cell signaling processes and plant adaptation to abiotic stressors

Kolupaev,

Kokorev,

Shevchenko

et al. 2024

Biol. Stud.

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Adaptation of plants to stress factors occurs with the participation of stress phytohormones, signaling network and plant neurotransmitters. Among the latter, in particular, γ-aminobutyric acid (γ-aminobutyric acid – GABA) is a non-proteinogenic four-carbon amino acid found in many prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Its functions in plants have been actively studied only in the past decade. During this period, a lot of information has been accumulated about the protective effect of exogenous GABA on plants of various taxonomic groups under the influence of stress factors of various nature. The first national review is devoted to the analysis and generalization of data on the mechanisms of stress-protective action of GABA in plants. The ways of synthesis and metabolism of GABA in plant cells and the mechanisms of activation of these processes under stressful conditions are described. It is noted that the main way of GABA formation in plants is decarboxylation of glutamate by means of glutamate decarboxylase. Possible mechanisms of GABA reception and signal transmission to the genetic apparatus are discussed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of new data on the role of calcium in the activation of GABA synthesis and the realization of its physiological effects. Possible mechanisms of GABA’s influence on the functioning of mitochondria, its role in maintaining redox homeostasis under stressful conditions are discussed. At the same time, data on the increase in the expression of genes encoding the catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase under the influence of GABA are presented. Functional connections between GABA and nitric oxide as a signaling mediator are considered. The effect of exogenous GABA on the main protective reactions of plants is characterized: the state of the antioxidant system, the accumulation of multifunctional low-molecular protectors, the synthesis of dehydrins and chaperones. The data on the phenomenology of the effects of GABA under the main abiotic stresses are presented: the effects of extreme temperatures, drought and salinity on plants. The prospects for the practical use of GABA as a compound that combines the functions of an energy metabolite and a signaling mediator are noted.

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“…A large portion of our protein and 65% of our calories come from cereals like wheat and maize. In influencing the future of cereal crops, this paper examines the fascinating real-world uses of RNA interference [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Function of RNA Interference (RNAi) in Crop Enhancement- Mechanism and Applications: A Review

Kaur,

Talekar

2024

JEAI

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved molecular mechanism that plays a critical role in post-transcriptional gene silencing across diverse organisms. This review delves into the role of RNAi in plant functional genomics and its applications in crop improvement, highlighting its mechanistic insights and practical implications. The overview starts with the fundamental finding of the mechanism of RNAi, following its journey from petunias to its ubiquitous presence in a wide range of species. The discovery of several kinds of regulatory non-coding small RNAs, including as phasiRNAs, miRNAs, and siRNAs, has broadened our knowledge of RNAi-mediated gene regulation beyond what is previously thought. These RNA types have an impact on gene expression through complex post-transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. RNA interference (RNAi) has become a potent tool for comprehending gene activities in the context of crop improvement. It has shown to be useful in determining the functions of genes for metabolic pathways, stress tolerance, and more. Furthermore, RNAi-based strategies have potential for sustainable agriculture and integrated pest management, supporting international efforts to ensure food security. The many uses of RNA interference (RNAi) are covered in this article, including improving crop nutrition, changing plant architecture, and increasing shelf life. The challenges and future prospects of RNAi technology are also explored. The worldwide geography of RNA interference research is emphasized, with notable contributions from North America, Europe, and China. In conclusion, RNA interference (RNAi) continues to be a flexible and essential tool in contemporary plant research, providing new pathways for understanding gene activities and enhancing crop characteristics. Its combination with other biotechnological techniques, such as gene editing, might influence how agriculture and sustainable food production develop in the future.

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Using Proline Metabolism Genes in Plant Genetic Engineering

Cited by 16 publications

References 119 publications

Physiological Regulation of Photosynthetic-Related Indices, Antioxidant Defense, and Proline Anabolism on Drought Tolerance of Wild Soybean (Glycine soja L.)

Physiological Regulation of Photosynthetic-Related Indices, Antioxidant Defense, and Proline Anabolism on Drought Tolerance of Wild Soybean (Glycine soja L.)

Participation of γ-aminobutyric acid in cell signaling processes and plant adaptation to abiotic stressors

The Function of RNA Interference (RNAi) in Crop Enhancement- Mechanism and Applications: A Review

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