Using soil and litter arthropods to assess the state of rainforest restoration

Nakamura, Akihiro; Proctor, H. C.; Catterall, Carla

doi:10.1046/j.1442-8903.4.s.3.x

Cited by 84 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Se de um lado uma serapilheira mais profunda representa maior oferta de alimento e locais para nidifi cação, por outro, ela proporciona um microclima favorável à vida de um número maior de espécies (Nakamura et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Efeitos de fatores ambientais sobre a mirmecofauna em comunidade de restinga no Rio de Janeiro, RJ

Vargas¹,

Mayhé-Nunes²,

Queiroz³

et al. 2007

Neotrop. Entomol.

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-The effects of environmental factors on the richness, diversity and abundance of ants were studied in the Restinga da Marambaia, south coast of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The samples were taken using pitfall traps in August/2004 (winter) and March/2005 (summer) in three different vegetation types: (1) herbaceous ridge palmoid (homogeneous habitat); (2) shrub dune thicket and (3) ridge forest (heterogeneous habitats). At each habitat a range of environmental attributes was recorded: soil temperature and humidity, percentage of soil covering by litter and litter depth. Ninety-two ant species belonging to 36 genera and eight subfamilies were recorded. Density of ant species and abundance varied signifi cantly between habitats and seasons; ant diversity varied only between habitats. Homogeneous habitat had lower ant species density, abundance and diversity than heterogeneous habitats. The two fi rst variables were positively correlated with litter depth and both were higher in summer than in winter samples. There were more species of Ponerinae and Ectatomminae in heterogeneous than in the homogeneous habitat, whereas the Formicinae species were more abundant in the later.KEY WORDS: Formicidae, ground-dwelling ant, Neotropical fauna, plant physiognomy RESUMO -A infl uência de fatores ambientais sobre a diversidade, riqueza e abundância de formigas em comunidade de restinga foi avaliada na Marambaia, litoral sul do estado do Rio de Janeiro. As amostras foram tomadas em agosto de 2004 (inverno) e março de 2005 (verão) em três fi sionomias vegetais: (1) vegetação herbácea fechada de cordão arenoso (habitat homogeneo), (2) arbustiva fechada de cordão arenoso e (3) fl oresta de cordão arenoso (habitats heterogeneos). Em cada formação foram medidos os seguintes atributos ambientais: temperatura e umidade do solo, cobertura do solo por serapilheira e profundidade da serapilheira. Noventa e duas espécies distribuídas em 36 gêneros e oito subfamílias foram coletadas. A densidade de espécies e a abundância variaram signifi cativamente com a fi sionomia e época de coleta; a diversidade apenas com a fi sionomia. O habitat homogêneo teve menor densidade de espécies, abundância e diversidade do que os habitats heterogêneos. As duas primeiras variáveis foram positivamente correlacionadas com a profundidade da serapilheira e ambas foram maiores na amostragem de verão do que na de inverno. Houve mais espécies de Ponerinae e Ectatomminae nos ambientes mais heterogêneos, enquanto que Formicinae foi mais abundante no ambiente homogêneo.

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“…Lassau & Hochuli (2004) encontraram correlação negativa entre a riqueza de formigas e a complexidade do ambiente em fl orestas da Austrália. Nakamura et al (2003) demonstraram que, entre um grande conjunto de variáveis ambientais, a profundidade da serapilheira foi a que mais infl uenciou a riqueza de formigas em experimentos de restauração fl orestal.…”

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Efeitos de fatores ambientais sobre a mirmecofauna em comunidade de restinga no Rio de Janeiro, RJ

Vargas¹,

Mayhé-Nunes²,

Queiroz³

et al. 2007

Neotrop. Entomol.

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“…For such groups, more intensive sampling typically never generates curves that completely fl atten out and reach a plateau (Fisher 1999). Furthermore, several important epigeic taxa such as ants and termites have patchy distribution (Soares & Schoereder 2001, Nakamura et al 2003, 2007, which results in new species being found sporadically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropod recolonization in the restoration of a semideciduous forest in southeastern Brazil

Pais¹,

Varanda²

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-The use of arthropods for monitoring habitat changes has grown widely in the last decades. In Brazil, however, most of the studies in restored areas have involved only vegetation changes. The present study aimed at investigating recolonization patterns of epigeic arthropods in recently restored sites of semideciduous forests in southeastern Brazil. We compared the community structure of adjoining sites 5, 17, 29 and 36 months old with that at a nearby forest remnant (reference site). We also determined the most abundant species and looked for ecological indicator species of each site age. Arthropods were sampled using pitfall traps, and their assemblages were described and compared with multi-and univariate statistical methods. Species abundance and richness equivalent to the reference site were reached at fi ve months after planting, however species composition was very distinctive not only in relation to the reference site, but also among restored sites. Some of the main species found in this restoration stage are common in agroecosystems or cerrado vegetation. Nevertheless, there was a clear trend of arthropod fauna in restored sites moving toward the fauna in the forest remnant over time. Our results also highlighted ants and termites because of their abundance and ants because of their high value as ecological indicators of restoration age.KEY WORDS: Formicidae, seasonal forest, monitoring, ecological indicatorThe landscape of southeastern Brazil has been entirely transformed over time by human activities (Dean 1997). Changes were especially dramatic in the inner lands originally covered by mesophytic seasonal forests (deciduous and semideciduous forests) since their soils are particularly suitable for agriculture (Oliveira-Filho & Ratter 2002). Such forests are now restricted to few small patches in the agricultural-urban matrix. Some attempts of restoration have been made in the last decades, but their effectiveness has not been properly evaluated. Long-term monitoring of sites where attempts have already been performed is necessary for evaluating restoration success and improving restoration protocols. If techniques involve tree planting, special attention should be dispensed to the fi rst years of the restored site, when the greatest habitat changes occur due to the fast growing of pioneer trees.Most of the studies in restored areas are concerned with recovery and development of vegetation, especially tree species (Amador & Viana 2000, Souza & Batista 2004, whereas fauna is usually ignored (but see Majer 1992).Because of the high turnover and growth rates for most species, arthropods serve as probes that quickly respond to environmental changes. Another special attribute lies in their microgeographic distribution, which may refl ect fi nescale heterogeneity in habitats to which most vertebrates are insensitive (Mattoni et al 2000). Arthropods often provide a more sensitive indication than plants of the overall state of the ecosystem in which they occur (Rosenberg et al 1986, Andersen & Sparli...

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“…Terrestrial invertebrates are also extremely abundant: estimates in the Brazilian Amazon suggest that over one billion invertebrates, most of which are edaphic arthropods, are present in one hectare of forest (WIL-SON 1987). Invertebrates have been used to assess restoration success at mines (ANDERSEN 1993, SIMMONDS et al 1994, riparian woodland (WILLIAMS 1993), rainforests (NAKAMURA et al 2003), and temperate forests (WILLETT 2001). In their review of the ecosystem services that are affected by invertebrate activities, LAVELLE et al (2006) highlight the contribution of the soil biota to water supply, nutrient cycling, soil formation, primary production, flood and erosion control, and climate regulation.…”

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The effects of four types of anthropogenic disturbances on composition and abundance of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea)

Magrini

Freitas

Uehara‐Prado³

2011

Zoologia (Curitiba, Impr.)

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ABSTRACT. The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is currently reduced to about 12% of its original range. Among the components that make up its great diversity, there are species with the potential to be bioindicators, which can be very important for conservation-oriented studies. This study compares the species composition, abundance and sex ratio of terrestrial isopods in sites that show different anthropogenic disturbance histories and are located within four reserves in the Atlantic Forest of southwestern Brazil. Our study explores these crustaceans as indicators of anthropogenic disturbance.The influence of one of the following factors was explored in each protected area: 1) history of vegetation harvesting, 2) trail management, 3) Eucalyptus planting, and 4) edge effect. A total of 2,217 individuals of six species (Atlantoscia sp., Benthana werneri Lemos de Castro, 1958, Pseudodiploexochus tabularis (Barnard, 1932, Pudeoniscus obscures Lemos de Castro, 1973, Styloniscus spinosus (Patience, 1907, and Trichorhina sp.) were captured in pitfall traps. The composition of isopod species was different between most of the contrasting sites within reserves, and was similar among the less disturbed sites of different reserves. The total number of isopod individuals and the sex ratio were not different between the contrasting sites within most of the reserves and only the sex ratio of Atlantoscia sp. differed between contrasting sites of one protected area. Upon an individual analysis of each species, S. spinosus (an exotic species) was most abundant in more disturbed sites. The distributions of B. werneri and Atlantoscia sp. over time were relatively synchronous, except where S. spinosus was abundant. Our results also indicate that the exotic species S. spinosus may benefit from the vegetation mosaic produced by disturbance, so differences in abundance of this species may be useful for bioindication.A change in the spatial and temporal structure of Oniscidea communities caused by anthropogenic disturbance may have a cascade effect on ecological cycles because terrestrial isopods play a fundamental role in nutrient cycling.

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Using soil and litter arthropods to assess the state of rainforest restoration

Cited by 84 publications

References 25 publications

Efeitos de fatores ambientais sobre a mirmecofauna em comunidade de restinga no Rio de Janeiro, RJ

Efeitos de fatores ambientais sobre a mirmecofauna em comunidade de restinga no Rio de Janeiro, RJ

Arthropod recolonization in the restoration of a semideciduous forest in southeastern Brazil

The effects of four types of anthropogenic disturbances on composition and abundance of terrestrial isopods (Isopoda: Oniscidea)

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