Using the Right Criteria for MCAS

Abstract

Purpose of Review The current article aims to provide a comprehensive update on diagnostic criteria for mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS), addressing challenges in diagnosing and classifying MCAS and its variants. Recent Findings In recent years, there has been a significant increase in our knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms responsible for the activation of mast cells (MCs) in various pathological conditions. Furthermore, a set of criteria and a classification for MCASs have been established. MCAS is characterized by the presence of typical clinical symptoms, a substantial elevation in serum tryptase levels during an attack compared to the patient’s baseline tryptase levels, and a response to MC mediator–targeting therapy. Summary In this report, a thorough examination was conducted on the contemporary literature relating to MCAS, with a focus on comparing the specificity, sensitivity, and robustness of MCAS-related parameters within proposals for diagnosing and classifying MCAS and its variants. Moreover, the significance of employing specific consensus criteria in the assessment and categorization of MCAS in individual patients was underscored, due to the escalating occurrence of patients receiving a misdiagnosis of MCAS based on nonspecific criteria.

Mast cell activation syndrome: An up-to-date review of literature

“…An increase in cell number due to decreased apoptosis, an abnormal activation in response to microenvironmental triggers, rather than neoplasia of mast cells have a role in the development and classification of the syndrome. The disease can be categorized into three main groups: Primary, secondary, and idiopathic[ 13 ].…”

Flushing in children with cutaneous mastocytosis

“…в некоторых случаях приводить к развитию гипотензивного коллапса [14]. Поскольку не у всех пациентов наблюдаются данные проявления, причина этой неоднородности остается неясной.…”

“…Т. Gülen et al сообщали о продолжительном наблюдении одного пациента, у которого рецидивирующие приливы варьировали по продолжительности от 10 до 30 мин [18]. В другом исследовании Т. Gülen сообщил, что продолжительность симптомов может коррелировать с длительностью повышенного уровня сывороточной триптазы, который может сохраняться до 5 ч и дольше [14]. Пациенты часто испытывают сильную усталость, продолжаю щуюся около 24 ч после приступов [10].…”