Using WAIS-IV with WMS-IV

Holdnack, James A.; Drozdick, Lisa Whipple

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-375035-8.10009-6

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The MMSE test can measure patients’ orientation to time and place, as well as the patient’s attention, memory, and computing power ( 16 ). Wechsler’s test is a set of intelligence tests used to assess the patient’s verbal and nonverbal cognition and the capacity and ability of the patient’s overall intelligence and cognitive ability ( 17 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of General Versus Spinal Anesthesia on Postoperative Delirium and Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients

et al. 2020

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Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and delirium are common in the elderly patients, given the controversial results of previous studies about the impact of anesthesia type on the occurrence of these complications. Objectives: This study was planned to compare the effects of general and regional anesthesia on the prevalence of POCD and delirium. Methods: A single-blind non-randomized clinical trial. Setting was in two academic hospitals. Ninety-four patients over 50 years old scheduled for hip fracture fixation. Patients were divided into two groups to receive either general (GA) or spinal (SA) anesthesia. Both Mini-Mental State examination (MMSE) and Wechsler tests were used before the operation and 3 times postoperatively to assess the cognitive function and detect early POCD. The DSM-IV criteria were also used for the diagnosis of delirium. The incidence of delirium and POCD and their precipitating factors were compared between the two groups. Results: Ninety-four patients with a mean age of 67.12 years were studied. The overall prevalence of POCD and delirium was 17.02%; however, it was significantly higher in the GA group rather than the SA group, 29.7%, and 4.25%, respectively (P < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between age (P = 0.048), ASA class (P = 0.034), and educational level with the incidence of POCD, meaning that the probability of developing cognitive impairment decreases with patients’ higher level of education and lower ASA-physical status. Also, the rate of POCD in men was significantly higher than in women (P = 0.026). Conclusions: The finding of this study showed that, if there is no specific contraindication, neuraxial anesthesia may be preferred over general anesthesia in elderly patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of General Versus Spinal Anesthesia on Postoperative Delirium and Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients

et al. 2020

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“…The majority of participants also were administered the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III) and the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-III) (Wechsler, 1997). Four participants (two ALCw and two ALCm) received the WAIS-IV and WMS-IV (Holdnack & Drozdick, 2010), and WMS-III scores were not obtained from one ALCm. The scores for these participants were adjusted to account for differences in scoring outcomes relative to the earlier versions of the scales.…”

Section: Neuropsychological Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Cues Elicit Different Abnormalities in Brain Networks of Abstinent Men and Women with Alcohol Use Disorders

Sawyer

Oscar‐Berman

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We employed fMRI in 84 men and women with and without a history of alcohol use disorders (ALC and NC, respectively), to explore how gender interacts with alcoholism as reflected in brain activity elicited by alcohol cues. Brain activation was measured in a working memory task (delayed matching-to-sample) with emotional faces as the sample and match cues. During the delay period, intervening distractors were either reward-salient cues (alcoholic beverages) or neutral cues (nonalcoholic beverages or scrambled pictures). ALC women (ALCw) had higher accuracy than ALC men (ALCm). Analyses of scans during the viewing of distractor images revealed significant group-by-gender interactions. Compared to NC men, ALCm evidenced lower activation contrast between reward-salient cues and neutral cues in default mode network regions (including superior prefrontal and precuneus areas), while ALCw had more activation than NC women. Similar interactions were observed for task-regions (including superior parietal, lateral occipital, and prefrontal areas). Region of interest analyses showed that the ALC group had significantly higher levels of activation throughout reward-related circuitry during alcohol distractor interference than during scrambled picture interference. These results suggest that abstinent ALCm and ALCw differ in processing reward-salient cues, which can impact treatment and recovery.

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“…The DIS provides diagnoses of lifetime psychiatric illnesses as defined by criteria established by the American Psychiatric Association. Full-Scale IQ scores and memory performance were measured through the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) [44], conducted by trained researchers. Incomplete WMS scores were obtained from one NCm and two AUDm and were excluded from the memory analyses.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, we did not consider participant characteristics (S6 Table) such as family history of AUD [79] or smoking [80,81]. We also limited the scope of this study with regard to the number of cognitive assessments we considered in our analyses, i.e., Full Scale IQ [44] and two inclusive measures of memory, i.e., immediate and delayed memory [44], that we had hypothesized to be positively associated with volumetric measures. Other WAIS and WMS measures can be found in the available data and code: https://gitlab.com/kslays/moblab-hippocampus.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of alcohol use disorder

et al. 2020

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Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) has been associated with abnormalities in hippocampal volumes, but these relationships have not been fully explored with respect to sub-regional volumes, nor in association with individual characteristics such as age, gender differences, drinking history, and memory. The present study examined the impact of those variables in relation to hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of AUD. Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3 Tesla, we obtained brain images from 67 participants with AUD (31 women) and 64 nonalcoholic control (NC) participants (31 women). The average duration of the most recent period of sobriety for AUD participants was 7.1 years. We used Freesurfer 6.0 to segment the hippocampus into 12 regions. These were imputed into statistical models to examine the relationships of brain volume with AUD group, age, gender, memory, and drinking history. Interactions with gender and age were of particular interest. Compared to the NC group, the AUD group had approximately 5% smaller subiculum, CA1, molecular layer, and hippocampal tail regions. Age was negatively associated with volumes for the AUD group in the subiculum and the hippocampal tail, but no significant interactions with gender were identified. The relationships for delayed and immediate memory with hippocampal tail volume differed for AUD and NC groups: Higher scores on tests of immediate and delayed memory were associated with smaller volumes in the AUD group, but larger volumes in the NC group. Length of sobriety was associated with decreasing CA1 volume in women (0.19% per year) and increasing volume size in men (0.38% per year). The course of abstinence on CA1 volume differed for men and women, and the differential relationships of subfield volumes to age and memory could indicate a distinction in the impact of AUD on functions of the hippocampal tail. These findings confirm and extend evidence that AUD, age, gender, memory, and abstinence differentially impact volumes of component parts of the hippocampus.

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Using WAIS-IV with WMS-IV

Cited by 20 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of General Versus Spinal Anesthesia on Postoperative Delirium and Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients

Effect of General Versus Spinal Anesthesia on Postoperative Delirium and Early Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Patients

Alcohol Cues Elicit Different Abnormalities in Brain Networks of Abstinent Men and Women with Alcohol Use Disorders

Hippocampal subfield volumes in abstinent men and women with a history of alcohol use disorder

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