Usual Dietary Intake Estimation Based on a Combination of Repeated 24-H Food Lists and a Food Frequency Questionnaire in the KORA FF4 Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Estimation of usual dietary intake poses a challenge in epidemiological studies. We applied a blended approach that combines the strengths provided by repeated 24-h food lists (24HFLs) and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).Methods: At least two web-based 24HFLs and one FFQ were completed by 821 participants in the KORA FF4 study. Consumption probabilities were estimated using logistic mixed models, adjusting for covariates and the FFQ data on consumption frequency. Intake amount of a consumed food item was predicted for each participant based on the results of the second Bavarian Food Consumption Survey (BVS II). By combining consumption probability and estimated consumption amount, the usual food intake for each participant was estimated. These results were compared to results obtained without considering FFQ information for consumption probability estimation, as well as to conventional FFQ data.Results: The results of the blended approach for food group intake were often higher than the FFQ-based results. Intraclass correlation coefficients between both methods ranged between 0.21 and 0.86. Comparison of both methods resulted in weighted kappa values based on quintiles ranging from fair (0.34) to excellent agreement (0.84). Omission of FFQ information in the consumption probability models distinctly affected the results at the group level, though individual intake data were slightly affected, for the most part.Conclusions: Usual dietary intake data based on the blended approach differs from the FFQ-based results both in absolute terms and in classification according to quintiles. The application of the blended approach has been demonstrated as a possible tool in nutritional epidemiology, as a comparison with published studies showed that the blended approach yields reasonable estimates. The inclusion of the FFQ information is valuable especially with regard to irregularly consumed foods. A validation study including biomarkers of dietary intake is warranted.

Association of Dietary Patterns and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Metabolically Homogeneous Subgroups in the KORA FF4 Study

“…In contrast to that assessment of the short-term diet, the FFQ assesses the participants’ diet over the last 12 months. Details are given elsewhere [ 38 ]. Briefly, a two-step approach was used to model consumption probabilities and consumption amounts.…”

Associations between habitual diet, metabolic disease, and the gut microbiota using latent Dirichlet allocation

“…The calculation of dietary intake in KORA FF4 is based on the estimation of consumption probability and consumption amount. Details have been published previously, but briefly, consumption probability is determined for each food item for each individual based on the 24HFLs and FFQ, while usual portion size for each item is estimated based on data from the Bavarian Food Consumption Survey II (BVS II) [37]. Consumption probability multiplied by consumption amount then results in the usual intake of each food item on any given day.…”

Association between dietary patterns and prediabetes, undetected diabetes or clinically diagnosed diabetes: results from the KORA FF4 study

“…Habitual food intake was computed using an advanced blended two-step approach as described in detail elsewhere [26], and further categorized into different food groups according to the classification system of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Software (EPIC-Soft) [27]. Additionally, the participants' nutrient intake was estimated by linking the habitual food intake data to the National Nutrient Database (Bundeslebensmittelschlüssel BLS 3.02).…”