Uterine leiomyoma after embolization by means of gelatin sponge particles alone: Report of a case with histopathologic features

Non spherical polyvinyl alcohol versus gelatin sponge particles for uterine artery embolization for symptomatic fibroids

“…Gelatin sponge particles used for UAE can occlude tumor arterioles with diameters > 300 mm according to one study's histopathologic report (38).…”

Surgical Alternative

“…There were occasional nests of haphazardly arranged pleomorphic spindle cells. 15 No foreign material was identified, and no histopathologic abnormalities were observed in the surrounding myometrium. No areas of dystrophic calcification were identified in our case.…”

“…After the embolization procedure, the majority of the tumor was fibrotic with necrosis of the endometrium and superficial myometrium. 15 In a single case report, histopathologic examination showed that the majority of the leiomyoma had coagulation necrosis. Only rare mitotic figures were seen, fewer than one per high-power field.…”

“…4,6,8 -10 More serious complications include amenorrhea, infection at the arterial puncture site, guidewire perforation of the arteries, thromboembolic phenomena, pyometra, ischemia of pelvic organs caused by nontarget embolization, uterine necrosis secondary to poor collateral circulation, and procedural failure. 10,[13][14][15] In some cases, intravascular foreign material is present elsewhere in the myometrium, cervix, and paraovarian regions. 9,11,12 Histologic changes seen within leiomyomas after uterine artery embolization procedures include massive necrosis, occasional dystrophic calcification, vascular thrombosis, and intravascular foreign material with foreign body giant cell and histiocytic reaction.…”

Assessment of Tumor markers, C-reactive Protein, Cortisol and Total Plasma Peroxides Levels in Uterine Leiomyoma Patients

“…The tumor has a clonal karyotype with a complex structural rearrangement involving chromosomes 3, 12, 14, 17, and 22 with malignant potential in 0.2% of cases (Gibas et al, 1988 andParker et al, 1994). It is also characterized by abnormal nucleotide metabolism, increased deoxyribonucleic acid methylation (Yamagata et al, 2009) and extensive coagulation necrosis (Katsumori et al, 2002). Certain genes in the fetal life are reactivated in certain tumors as surface proteins of cells in the adults as a result of abnormal or malignant transformation (Carl and Edward, 2001;Gadducci, 2004).…”