Utilidad de la virtualidad en las prácticas profesionales de fisioterapia en el contexto de la pandemia COVID-19 (Usefulness of virtuality in physiotherapy professional practices in the context of the COVID – 19 pandemic)

Abstract


 Introducción: La formación profesional en salud enfrenta grandes desafíos desde que el distanciamiento social se volviera una de las estrategias para el control de la pandemia por COVID-19. La educación en fisioterapia tiene un componente práctico que requiere contacto con los pacientes y mediante el cual los estudiantes adquieren competencias profesionales. Esta modalidad presencial de aprendizaje ha tenido que ser reemplazada por nuevas estrategias pedagógicas, como la atención mediada por tecnologías de información y comunicación (TICs), la enseñanza basada en casos, la simulación clínica y la telerehabilitación, intentando mantener la interacción paciente – estudiante y el cumplimiento de la formación profesional. Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, en 143 estudiantes de práctica de un programa de fisioterapia de la ciudad de Cali – Colombia, que evalúa su percepción luego de realizar una práctica de formación profesional mediada por TICs. Resultados: El 82,5% de los estudiantes respondieron que, si fue posible realizar telerehabilitación durante las prácticas virtuales considerándola cómo útil en un 36,4%. Las plataformas virtuales más usadas fueron Google Meet y Zoom con 81,1%. Más de la mitad de los estudiantes 58%, estuvo de acuerdo en que las actividades virtuales sincrónicas y asincrónicas propiciaron el aprendizaje significativo. Conclusión: La formación profesional mediada por TICs surgió ante la pandemia y reforzó esta estrategia como una herramienta de aprendizaje para el cumplimiento de objetivos y competencias de formación profesional, la cual es percibida como una estrategia viable que implica un cambio de paradigma en la educación tradicional dentro del proceso formativo. 
 Abstract: Introduction: Vocational training in health faces great challenges since social distancing became one of the strategies controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Physiotherapy education has a practical component that requires contact with patients and through which students acquire professional skills. This face-to-face learning modality has had to be replaced by new pedagogical strategies, such as attention mediated by information and communication technology (ICT), case-based teaching, clinical simulation and tele-rehabilitation, trying to maintain patient-student interaction and compliance with professional training. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study, in 143 practice students of a physiotherapy program in the city of Cali - Colombia, which evaluates their perception after a professional training practice mediated by ICTs. Results: 82.5% of the students answered that, if it was possible to perform tele-rehabilitation during the virtual practices, considering it as useful in 36.4%. The most used virtual platforms were Google Meet and Zoom with 81.1%. More than half of the students (58%) agreed that synchronous and asynchronous virtual activities led to significant learning. Conclusion: Vocational training mediated by ICTs emerged in the face of the pandemic and reinforced this strategy as a learning tool for meeting professional training objectives and competencies, the quality is perceived as a viable strategy that implies a paradigm shift in traditional education within the training process.

Consejerías nutricionales online en la carrera de Nutrición y Dietética de la Universidad de Chile, una nueva actividad de enseñanza-aprendizaje en las prácticas profesionales

“…These competencies address much more than the implementation of theoretical knowledge, since they also incorporate the development of other transversal competencies, such as respectful treatment of the user and the achievement of effective communication. In addition, the use of digital technologies for the development of telemedicine could generate added value in common non-pandemic contexts, where students require innovative techniques that ensure their training quality and contribute to the achievement of competencies 16 .…”

“…Also, telemedicine prevents the execution of anthropometric measurements to users (weight, height, and others), restricting the realization of an integrated and accurate nutritional diagnosis, as well as limiting the development of other practical skills in students, which require face-to-face contact with users. In this sense, some authors have reported difficulties associated with distance learning activities, such as the impossibility of developing motor skills, the need for internet connection, decreased interaction between teacher and students, increased levels of distraction, among others 12,16 . Therefore, it has been mentioned that it is necessary to complement online teaching and learning activities with face-to-face interventions with users, for the development of other practical skills in students 16 .…”

“…In this sense, some authors have reported difficulties associated with distance learning activities, such as the impossibility of developing motor skills, the need for internet connection, decreased interaction between teacher and students, increased levels of distraction, among others 12,16 . Therefore, it has been mentioned that it is necessary to complement online teaching and learning activities with face-to-face interventions with users, for the development of other practical skills in students 16 .…”

“…The strengths of this study are associated with the use of telemedicine as an innovative teaching and learning methodology, which allows to continue with the training of students in PP, despite the mobility restrictions generated by the pandemic, in addition to reducing the risk of infection to users, students and teachers, reducing costs and time associated with travel 15,22,23 . Other studies indicate that virtual health activities, in addition to allowing social distancing, are a versatile, efficient and relatively low-cost strategy that allows teaching, learning and evaluation, with the advantages offered by deliberate reflection in real time, generating greater cognitive engagement and possibly greater learning in students 12,16 .…”

Efectos de la pandemia covid-19 sobre el rendimiento deportivo de los triatletas de la federación colombiana de triatlón (Effects of the covid-19 pandemic on the sports performance of the triathletes of the colombian federation of triathlon)

“…La Federación Internacional de Triatlón generó algunas consideraciones para la realización del entrenamiento indoor (Sellés & Carrasco, 2020), todas estas estrategias con el fin de evitar la pérdida de forma deportiva, la cual fue la mayor preocupación tanto para entrenadores como deportistas (Yasmid et al, 2020;Alarcón & Hall, 2021;Seguí et al, 2021); además, de prevenir la deserción de la práctica (Martínez et al, 2021;Carvajal et al, 2021). La adaptación del entrenamiento a las nuevas condiciones fue compleja, los atletas debieron acomodar de una u otra forma sus hogares en escenarios deportivos y trabajar con los materiales que tenían a la mano con el fin de continuar con su proceso de entrenamiento.…”