Utilization of Cheese Whey for Production of Azurin by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Abstract

Azurin which has attracted much attention as potential anticancer agent in recent years is a bacterial secondary metabolite. This copper-containing redox protein secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa has capability of preferentially entering into many human cancer cells and inducing apoptosis. In this study, whey which is the considerable by-product of the casein or cheese manufacture was used as azurin production medium by P. aeruginosa. Also, effects of copper (II) sulphate (CuSO4) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) on the azurin production were determined. At the end of the studies, optimum azurin expression level was reached during the incubation of 18 hours. The best CuSO4 concentration was 2.5 mg/L while the best KNO3 concentration was 45 mg/L according to Western blot analysis. This process can be used to obtain high levels of azurin using P. aeruginosa in whey medium. Also, using whey for azurin production can reduce many processing industrial whey waste management problems.

A recent glance on the valorisation of cheese whey for industrial prerogative: high‐value‐added products development and integrated reutilising strategies

“…According to Lucakova et al (2022), wastewater obtained after the demineralisation of CW is the best substrate for the growth of spirulina (Limnospira maxima). In some studies, it has been reported that CW can be utilised to produce azurin, an anticancer agent, with the help of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( € Unver, 2021). According to Tatoulis et al (2018), CW or winery effluents were co-treated using biological trickling filters under varied operating settings with hexavalent chromium.…”

“…(2022), wastewater obtained after the demineralisation of CW is the best substrate for the growth of spirulina ( Limnospira maxima ). In some studies, it has been reported that CW can be utilised to produce azurin, an anticancer agent, with the help of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Ünver, 2021). According to Tatoulis et al .…”

“…CW may also be used to obtain important compounds with technological and/or functional properties. For example, K. lactis can produce b-galactosidase (de Freitas et al, 2020), while Pseudomonas aeruginosa may produce azurin, an anticancer agent ( € Unver, 2021). In the food science area, water substitution by permeate or CW in the preparation of Baladi bread slightly enhanced the solution absorption ratio and significantly affected dough mixing properties (Mahdy & Abo El-Naga, 2018).…”

“…CW may also be used to obtain important compounds with technological and/or functional properties. For example, K. lactis can produce β‐galactosidase (de Freitas et al ., 2020), while Pseudomonas aeruginosa may produce azurin, an anticancer agent (Ünver, 2021).…”