Utilizing as-synthesized Reduced Graphene Oxide Decorated with Mn_1−xZn_xFe_2−yCu_yO₄ Doped Magnetic Nanoparticles for Efficient Electrochemical Sensing of Paracetamol

Abstract

A highly-sensitive sensor for paracetamol detection based on the copper- and zinc-doped manganese ferrite/reduced graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode (Mn1-xZnxFe2-yCuyO4/rGO/GCE) is ameliorated. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, zeta-sizer, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are used to examine the structural, morphological, and electroanalytical capability of the designed sensor. Results are correlated systematically for the copper/zinc doped manganese ferrite/reduced graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode and it is observed that the sensor exhibits two linear ranges as 5-9 and 9-200 µmol L-1 under the optimized conditions. Doped composite-modified GCE demonstrates an exceptional limit of detection (0.04 µmol L-1) and the limit of quantification (0.15 µmol L-1). The possible effect of structurally similar drugs on the anodic current response of paracetamol is evaluated. By analyzing the current generation of the actual pharmaceutical samples, the practical application of the manufactured sensor is assessed. Promising results demonstrated by modified GC electrode affirm its excellent analytical performance for the sensing of paracetamol with trace-level detection and high sensitivity.