Utilizing Blockchain Technology to Enhance Halal Integrity: The Perspectives of Halal Certification Bodies

Designing a Permissioned Blockchain Network for the Halal Industry Using Hyperledger Fabric with Multiple Channels and the Raft Consensus Mechanism

“…Halal supply chain management may be defined as assuring that the entire process of procurement, distribution, handling, and processing materials, spare parts, livestock, work-in-process or finished inventory is well documented and aligned with halal and toyyib standards [6]. The designation of "halal" means that a product is permitted or legally permissible in accordance with the rules in the Qur'an and the Hadith.…”

“…Blockchain enables the combination of distributed ledgers and smart contracts so that the performance of the halal supply chain will increase. The improvement will generate more dependable information and assurance along the halal supply chain; a smooth and effective halal process from the beginning of production to the consumer's point of purchase; the sustainability of the halal supply chain; consumer trust in halal certification; and global acknowledgement of the halal blockchain [6].…”

“…In this case, blockchain technology has the potential to resolve the first two problems (i.e., contamination and disobedience). However, the application of blockchain needs to be combined with the halal certification of each supply chain participant to obtain better outcomes [6].…”

“…One way to improve the halal supply chain is to integrate technology for information exchange during the tracking and tracing process in operating and monitoring performance [5]. Moreover, both vertical and horizontal collaborative relationships in the form of trust, transparency, and information disclosure between supply chain participants are essential in order to maximize the integration of technology and information with the halal supply chain and to increase their mutual effectiveness and efficiency [6].…”

Cryptocurrency Adoption in Malaysia: Does Age, Income and Education Level Matter?

“…Sincethe inception of Bitcoin in 2008, the topics of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies have been gaining widespread attention from the global regulators, IT applications developers, corporations and consumers.Despite blockchain technology started emerges in the field of financial technology, it can be applied across diverse industries. For instance, a blockchain-based electronic health record sharing system in healthcare industry [1][2][3], a peer-to-peer electricity model trading among plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using consortium blockchain in transportation sector [4], a blockchain-powered halal digital supply chain model in halal industry [5,6], an e-scroll system on blockchain network to overcome the problem of counterfeit degree of certificates in the education industry [7], as well as a blockchain based agricultural products tracking model in the agricultural supply chain area [8].Blockchain technology is well-known as a disruptive technology and it has the potential to revolutionize the traditional processes and models in such way that a central authority is not required to verify transactions [9]. In general, the unique features of blockchain that attracted adoption could be attributed to theimmutable records of information, decentralized property and transparency [10,11].…”