Utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle technology for environmental monitoring: Future trends, methods, and applications

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of the application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in environmental monitoring, with a focus on air pollution surveillance. Initially, the paper highlights the significance of UAV technology for real‐time air quality monitoring in developing countries and explores the characteristics of fixed‐wing and multirotor UAVs in monitoring air pollutants. It then delves into methods of measuring air pollutants using UAV platforms, including the three‐dimensional distribution of pollutants around roadsides, green belts, and street‐facing communities. The advantages of UAV measurements, such as lower costs, greater flexibility, and the ability to monitor in three dimensions, are emphasized. Finally, the paper discusses future trends in the field of environmental monitoring using UAVs, including technological advancements, evolving regulatory policies, and integration with other technologies like Artificial Intelligence, big data analytics, and 5G communication. These developments suggest an increasingly significant role for UAVs in environmental monitoring, enhancing efficiency, reducing costs, and contributing to public participation and environmental awareness. However, due to the delays in publication and review processes, the most recent studies may not have been included in the literature review, leading to a scenario where the review might not reflect the latest research trends.