UV Curable Urethane Acrylate Resin from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate

Abstract

Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) is a by-product from the refining of crude palm oil. It comprises mainly of free fatty acids, having around 45% of palmitic and 33% oleic acids as the major components. Ultra-violet (UV) curable urethane acrylate (UA) oligomers could be synthesized from PFAD by the following procedure. A hydroxyl terminated macromer was first prepared by reacting PFAD with a mixture of isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, neopentagylcol (NPG) and pentaerythritol. The macromer is then reacted with 2hydroxylethylacrylate (2HEA) and toluene diisocynate (TDI) to generate a resin containing acrylate side chains for UV curable application. A series of UA resins were prepared by using 15, 25, 45, 55 and 70% of PFAD respectively. The UA resin has Mw in the range of 3200 to 27000. They could be cured by UV irradiation at intensity of 225mW/cm 2 . Glass transition temperature ( Tg ) of the cured film was measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and hardness of the film was determined by pendulum hardness tester according to ASTM4366.The resins were used in wood coating application. All of the cured films showed good adhesion, hardness and chemical resistant for resins using up to 55% PFAD; however the resin at 70% did not cure properly. oil at USD200 -250 per metric tonne for usage in animal feed [28,29]. There was no report of its application in coating. This project has aimed to synthesize PFAD urethane acrylate with different PFAD content. The urethane acrylates (UA) were investigated as UV curable resins for wood coating applications.

Emergence of Polymeric Material Utilising Sustainable Radiation Curable Palm Oil-Based Products for Advanced Technology Applications

“…Concurrently, Figure 10 shows the recent applications of advanced radiation curing technology utilising palm oil-based materials. EPOLA ® can been seen to produce radiation-curable products, such as coatings (refer to Figure 10 a) [ 36 ], pressure-sensitive adhesives (refer to Figure 10 b) [ 37 ], printing inks and overprint varnishes [ 38 ], while APO is used to develop drug delivery systems. Meanwhile, polyols based on palm oil are used to produce polyurethane for the manufacture of foams, elastomers, plastics, and cast and injection-moulded components.…”

“…Meanwhile, polyols based on palm oil are used to produce polyurethane for the manufacture of foams, elastomers, plastics, and cast and injection-moulded components. These show that radiation-curable products based on palm oil have many usages for different sectors, such as agricultural, military, automobile, manufacturing and medical [ 10 , 37 ]. Next, descriptions of the application of radiation processing for the production of radiation-cured palm oil products for usage in various future developments will be addressed in the following section.…”