Vaccine Hesitancy and the Green Digital Pass: A Study on Adherence to the Italian COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign

Moccia, Giuseppina; Carpinelli, Luna; Savarese, Giulia; De, Francesco

doi:10.3390/ijerph19052970

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…To reduce the burden on the healthcare systems and tackle vaccine hesitancy, Italy adopted the COVID-19 Green Certificate or “green pass” in June 2021. In July 2021, responding to the drop in administered vaccine doses and the concomitant increase in cases, new restrictions were added [ 87 ], including travel, public transportation, and access to workplaces, schools, universities, health facilities, restaurants, and hotels. It also allowed using certain services and participation in numerous cultural, recreational, and sports activities [ 88 , 89 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Narrative Review of the COVID-19 Pandemic’s First Two Years in Italy

Beccia

Pilla

Causio

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Italy was the first country in the western world to be affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, arguably among the worst-affected ones, counting 12 million cases and 150 thousand deaths two years since the first case. Facing new challenges, Italy has enacted different strategies and policies to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and treat those affected by COVID-19. This narrative review provided an overview of factors, measures, and actions that shaped Italy’s first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic by investigating epidemiological data and using a mixed-method approach. This narrative review aimed to summarize the most relevant aspects and measures and analyze available data to provide policymakers and healthcare providers with the instruments to learn from this pandemic and improve their preparedness for future pandemic events. The first two years of the pandemic differ in that, during the first year, significant necessary changes to the way health systems were organized were implemented, increasing healthcare spending and adopting social and physical distancing measures that were stricter than the ones adopted in the second year. However, as the pandemic progressed, increased knowledge of the virus and related variants, as well as the introduction of highly effective vaccines, which were not equally available to the whole population, resulted in a stratification of COVID-19 infections and deaths based on factors such as age, vaccination status, and individual susceptibility to the virus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fourth wave emerged at the end of the summer, with a progressive increase in cases. The government adopted local containment measures to avoid exacerbating the socio-economic crisis while also setting a price cap for the price of swabs and diagnostic tests [ 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative Review of the COVID-19 Pandemic’s First Two Years in Italy

Beccia

Pilla

Causio

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…It is clear that it is necessary to provide the appropriate information that can explain the social value of vaccinations or correct misperceptions (for example, about the risks) and myths. This could be done through campaigns to change the perception of risk, campaigns that appeal to social motivations, campaigns that debunk the myths, and campaigns to promote vaccine acceptance [36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Campaign: Risk Perception, Emotional States, and Vaccine Hesitancy in a Sample of Adolescents’ Vaccinated Parents in Southern Italy

et al. 2022

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Background: The international strategic plan for COVID-19 vaccines remains the practical option for the protection of health. However, vaccine hesitancy remains an obstacle to full population vaccination, with rapid developments in COVID-19 vaccines and concerns about efficacy acting as influencing factors. Aim: The present study investigated the perception of vaccine hesitancy among parents of adolescents in order to explore the reasons and related emotional states. Methods: In January–March 2022, an online questionnaire was administered to a sample of parents who brought their children to the vaccine center of a local health unit, ASL Salerno (Campania, Italy). Results: The participants were 1105 parents (F = 64.6%; mean age = 47.37 years, SD = 7.52) of adolescents (F = 47.6%; mean age = 14.83 years, SD = 1.72). All parents had received the COVID-19 vaccine. Regarding the vaccination schedule, 46.8% believed that children receive more vaccinations than they should; 25.1% believed that it is better to develop immunity rather than get vaccinated; 41.2% believed that their child could have side effects; 29.6% were very concerned that vaccines were unsafe, while 35.3% believed vaccines do not prevent disease; 21.5% were very reluctant about pediatric vaccines; and 23.8% did not trust the information received. Conclusions: In order to increase vaccination and reduce the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy, it is essential to support the value of vaccination among all parents and make information more accessible and usable through competent pediatricians.

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“…In a bid to increase vaccination rates, several countries and states introduced vaccine mandates and restrictions that were considered to infringe the personal liberties of citizens. Italy imposed one of the strictest mandate policies, which resulted in vivid political debates and civil protests [31][32][33]. Such policies included the COVID-19 certificates ("green pass") strategy restricting access to public places for unvaccinated citizens or into the country for international visitors -unless able to produce proof of recovery from COVID-19 within the past 180 days or a negative COVID-19 test result [34,35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Italy imposed one of the strictest mandate policies, which resulted in vivid political debates and civil protests [31][32][33]. Such policies included the COVID-19 certificates ("green pass") strategy restricting access to public places for unvaccinated citizens or into the country for international visitors -unless able to produce proof of recovery from COVID-19 within the past 180 days or a negative COVID-19 test result [34,35]. Even though this strategy saved lives [36], it further intensified the debates and political statements about the freedom to vaccinate around the world, with divided opinions [37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freedom of Choice to Vaccinate and Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Italy

Denu¹,

Montrond²,

Piltch-Loeb³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Despite the availability of effective vaccines that lower mortality and morbidity associated with COVID-19, many countries including Italy adopted strict vaccination policies and mandates to increase the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine. Such mandates have sparked debates on the freedom to choose whether or not to get vaccinated. In this study, we examined the people’s belief in vaccine choice as a predictor of willingness to get vaccinated among a sample of unvaccinated individuals in Italy. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in Italy in May 2021. The survey collected data on respondents’ demographics and region of residence, socioeconomic factors, belief in the freedom to choose to be vaccinated or not, risk perception of contracting and transmitting the disease, previous vaccine refusal, opinion on adequacy of government measures to address the pandemic, experience in requesting and being denied government aid during the pandemic, and intent to accept COVID-19 vaccination. The analysis employed binary logistic regression models using a hierarchical model building approach to assess the association between intent to accept vaccination and belief in the freedom to choose to vaccinate, while adjusting for other variables of interest. 984 unvaccinated individuals were included in the study. Respondents who agreed that people should be free to decide whether or not to vaccinate with no restrictions on their personal life had 85% lower odds of vaccine acceptance (OR=0.15 ;95% CI,0.09,0.23) after adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic factors and their risk perception of contracting and transmitting COVID-19. Belief in the freedom to choose whether or not to accept vaccinations was a major predictor of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among a sample of unvaccinated individuals in Italy in May 2021. This understanding of how individuals prioritize personal freedoms and the perceived benefits and risks of vaccines, when making health care decisions can inform the development of public health outreach, educational programs and messaging.

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Vaccine Hesitancy and the Green Digital Pass: A Study on Adherence to the Italian COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Narrative Review of the COVID-19 Pandemic’s First Two Years in Italy

Narrative Review of the COVID-19 Pandemic’s First Two Years in Italy

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Campaign: Risk Perception, Emotional States, and Vaccine Hesitancy in a Sample of Adolescents’ Vaccinated Parents in Southern Italy

Freedom of Choice to Vaccinate and Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Italy

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