Vaccines for preventing hepatitis B in healthcare workers (an updated protocol)

Borch, Anders; Kolster, Chastine; Gluud, Christian; Gluud, Lise Lotte

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012695

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A standard three-dose vaccine regimen, with the second and third doses given 1 month and 6 months apart, respectively, from the initial dose, has been identified as very effective in conferring immunity against HBV [12, 13]. Among HCWs and other healthy adults, HBV vaccination is known to be highly effective for prevention of the infection; hence HBV vaccination has been recommended by the WHO as a primary preventive strategy for the control of the infection among HCWs [14–17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Knowledge, Testing, and Vaccination History among Undergraduate Public Health Students in Ghana

Osei

Niyilapah

Amenuvegbe

2019

BioMed Research International

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Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem in many parts of the world. The risk of acquiring the infection through exposure to blood, semen, and other bodily fluids is highest among health care workers (HCW) including trainees. Ghana is considered a high risk country for HBV; however little is known about the knowledge and prevention practices of the infection in the country. This study assessed the knowledge, testing, and vaccination history of HBV and their related factors among undergraduate public health students of University of Health and Allied Sciences in Ghana. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 226 students using a pretested questionnaire to assess Hepatitis B knowledge, testing, and vaccination history of the students. We performed logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between Hepatitis B testing and vaccination history and participants’ characteristics. Data was analysed using Stata Version 12. Results. Majority 169 (73.9%) of the 226 participants studied had moderate knowledge regarding HBV infection. About half 114 (50.4%) of them had never been tested for HBV infection, and 100 (44.2%) had received at least a single dose of Hepatitis B vaccine. The completed vaccination rate among the students was 30.5%. Students in their 2nd year (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 3.13; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.13, 7.52; p<0.011) and those with moderate (AOR: 4.76; 95% CI; 1.35, 16.82; P=0.015) and good (AOR: 5.40; 95% CI: 1.31, 22.36; P=0.020) level of knowledge were more likely to be tested for HBV. With regard to vaccination, females (AOR: 1.85; 95%CI: 1.04-3.29; P=0.037) and regular students (AOR: 0.37; 95%CI: 0.19, 0.70; p=0.002) were associated with receiving the full dose of Hepatitis B vaccine. Conclusion. This study highlights the urgent need for continued health education on HBV infection and strategies that ensure that health trainees are screened and fully vaccinated against the infection to prevent potential future exposure to the virus. The students’ representative council can organize free HBV testing and vaccination for all fresh students.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Knowledge, Testing, and Vaccination History among Undergraduate Public Health Students in Ghana

Osei

Niyilapah

Amenuvegbe

2019

BioMed Research International

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“…Acute infection may result in a spectrum from asymptomatic to acute liver disease. [3,4] About 5 -10% of adults with acute HBV infection progress to the chronic state. [3] Chronic infection can result in cirrhosis of the liver, liver cancer and liver failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health-care workers in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Auta

Adewuyi

Kureh

et al. 2018

Vaccine

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“…Health care workers (HCWs) represent one of the largest high risk groups for HBV infection worldwide and are at four times greater risk compared to the general adult population [3]. Thus, it was unsurprising to find that interventions made by the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1997 to vaccinate all healthcare workers has significantly decreased the seroprevalence of HBV infection in this target group globally [4–6]. The vaccine is generally administered intramuscularly in the deltoid region at three doses of 0-month, 1-month, and 6-month schedules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post Hepatitis B vaccination sero-conversion among health care workers in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana

et al. 2019

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Background HBV vaccine is known to offer protection against transmission of HBV infection. Health care workers are mandated to have this vaccination as part of their occupational health safety measures. Post vaccination response data for HCWs in our setting is not available. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the anti-HBs titre levels after Hepatitis B vaccination among HCWs from selected heath facilities in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana. Methods A multicenter (3 selected sites) analytical cross-sectional study involving 711 HCWs was conducted. Five (5mls) of blood samples were collected from each study participant and the serum used for HBV immunological profile testing anti-HBs quantification by ELISA test (Fortress Diagnostics Limited, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom). Data analyses were performed using Stata version 14.0 software (STATA Corp, Texas USA). Results The median age of participants was 29 years (IQR = 26–35 years). Majority (80.9%, n = 575) took their vaccination from Government health facilities compared with 19.1% (n = 136) from private vaccination sources. A total of 7 (3 males and 4 females) were found to be HBsAg positive giving prevalence of 1%. In all, 8.2% (n = 58) of the HCWs had anti-HBs titre levels <10IU/ml giving a sero-protection rate of 91.8%. HCWs who received 3 doses of HBV vaccine were more likely to be sero-protected as compared to those who received only one dose in multivariate analysis (aOR = 3.39, 95%CI: 1.08–10.67), p<0.037). Gender, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were not found to be associated with sero-protection. Conclusion There is a high HBV vaccine efficacy among HCWs in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana with higher prevalence of anti-HBs titre level associated with full vaccine dose adherence. Post vaccination antibody titre determination could be an integral part of HBV vaccination protocol for HCWs in Ghana.

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Vaccines for preventing hepatitis B in healthcare workers (an updated protocol)

Cited by 7 publications

References 55 publications

Hepatitis B Knowledge, Testing, and Vaccination History among Undergraduate Public Health Students in Ghana

Hepatitis B Knowledge, Testing, and Vaccination History among Undergraduate Public Health Students in Ghana

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage among health-care workers in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Post Hepatitis B vaccination sero-conversion among health care workers in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana

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