Vacuum polarization energy decline and spontaneous positron emission in QED under Coulomb supercriticality

Grashin, P.; Sveshnikov, K. A.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.106.013003

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…This creates another hole in the state embedded in the negative energy continuum and the possibility for yet another pair creation. a uniformly charged sphere [249]. It was found that in the supercritical region the vacuum polarization energy is a decreasing function of the Coulomb charge, resulting in a decay, with a vacuum polarization energy E VP ren ∼ −Z 4 /R(Z), which provides the required energy for positron emission ( [249] Eq.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pushing the Limits of the Periodic Table -- A Review on Atomic Relativistic Electronic Structure Theory and Calculations for the Superheavy Elements

Smits,

Indelicato,

Nazarewicz

et al. 2023

Preprint

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We review the progress in atomic structure theory with a focus on superheavy elements and the aim to predict their ground state configuration and element's placement in the periodic table. To understand the electronic structure and correlations in the regime of large atomic numbers, it is important to correctly solve the Dirac equation in strong Coulomb fields, and also to take into account quantum electrodynamic effects. We specifically focus on the fundamental difficulties encountered when dealing with the many-particle Dirac equation. We further discuss the possibility for future many-electron atomic structure calculations going beyond the critical nuclear charge Z crit ≈ 170, where levels such as the 1s shell dive into the negative energy continuum (E nκ < −m e c 2 ). The nature of the resulting Gamow states within a rigged Hilbert space formalism is highlighted.* Here we define the starting point of the superheavy element region at the transactinides, Z ≥ 103

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confidence: 99%