Vagal Blocking for Obesity Control: a Possible Mechanism-Of-Action

Johannessen, Helene; Révész, David; Kodama, Yosuke; Cassie, Nikki; Skibicka, Karolina P.; Barrett, Perry; Dickson, Suzanne L.; Holst, Jens J.; Rehfeld, Jens F.; Plasse, G; Adan, Roger A.H.; Kulseng, Bård; Ben‐Menachem, Elinor; Zhao, Chun Mei; Chen, Duan

doi:10.1007/s11695-016-2278-x

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Clinically, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been applied to inhibit central nervous system diseases, such as refractory epilepsy (Ben‐Menachem et al., ; Takaya, Terry, & Naritoku, ) and treatment‐resistant depression (Nemeroff et al., ; Wani, Trevino, Marnell, & Husain, ). Consistently, studies using rodents have demonstrated that artificial modulation of vagus nerve activity can alter brain electrical activity (Alexander et al., ; Cao et al., ; Larsen et al., ; Usami et al., ), stop seizures (Woodbury & Woodbury, ), evoke emotional responses, facilitate learning and decision‐making (Alvarez‐Dieppa, Griffin, Cavalier, & McIntyre, ; Cao et al., ; Pena et al., ; Suarez et al., ), even reduce food intake and body weight (Johannessen et al., ), and cardiac hemodynamic effects through activation of the efferent parasympathetic pathway (Yamakawa et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Vagus nerve spiking activity associated with locomotion and cortical arousal states in a freely moving rat

Shikano

Nishimura

Okonogi

et al. 2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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The vagus nerve serves as a central pathway for communication between the central and peripheral organs. Despite traditional knowledge of vagus nerve functions, detailed neurophysiological dynamics of the vagus nerve in naïve behavior remain to be understood. In this study, we developed a new method to record spiking patterns from the cervical vagus nerve while simultaneously monitoring central and peripheral organ bioelectrical signals in a freely moving rat. When the rats transiently elevated locomotor activity, the frequency of vagus nerve spikes was correspondingly increased, and this activity was retained for several seconds after the increase in running speed terminated. Spike patterns of the vagus nerve were not robustly associated with which arms the animals entered on an elevated plus maze. During sniffing behavior, vagus nerve spikes were nearly absent. During stopping, the vagus nerve spike patterns differed considerably depending on external contexts and peripheral activity states associated with cortical arousal levels. Stimulation of the vagus nerve altered rat's running speed and cortical arousal states depending on running speed at the instant of stimulation. These observations are a new step for uncovering the physiological dynamics of the vagus nerve modulating the visceral organs such as cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Vagus nerve spiking activity associated with locomotion and cortical arousal states in a freely moving rat

Shikano

Nishimura

Okonogi

et al. 2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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“…This study is relevant for neurometabolic therapies, which are very promising neurotechnologies for a number of medical conditions including obesity and obesity-related risk factors, such as high cholesterol or high blood pressure. 5,9,14 By investigating the CNAP waveforms 1850006-8 elicited in the SubDiaGVN, we were able to identify the fiber types present in that branch of the vagus and establish the effect of physiological stimuli, such as CCK, on the CNAPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies on VBLOC TM , the only commercially available Gastric-VNS implant, indicated that a possible mechanism with which VNS using VBLOC TM leads to weight loss is by blocking efferent fibers carrying vagal signals to the gut. 14 In this paper, an effort has been made to determine if gut hormone signaling through vagal afferents can be used within the closed loop VNS modality. Gut hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are considered to be essential in appetite regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Cholecystokinin-8 on Compound Nerve Action Potentials from Ventral Gastric Vagus in Rats

Mirza

Alenda

Eftekhar

et al. 2018

Int. J. Neur. Syst.

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“…The CVOs are brain structures that lack a BBB and express a number of receptors for circulating signals, being able to sense the blood‐borne levels of several regulatory peptides 63,64 . Similarly, vagal afferents also express a variety of receptors for circulating regulatory peptides, actively transporting receptor proteins to nerve terminals, and collecting information about local and circulating peptide levels 65,66 . Information about peripheral regulatory peptides is integrated with other CNS inputs at the CVOs and/or the nucleus tractus solitarius of the brain stem (from vagal afferents).…”

Section: Physiology Meets Drug Delivery: Bbb Cvos and Common Peptidementioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory peptides and systems biology: A new era of translational and reverse‐translational neuroendocrinology

Eiden

Gundlach

Grinevich

et al. 2020

J Neuroendocrinology

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Recently, there has been a resurgence in regulatory peptide science as a result of three converging trends. The first is the increasing population of the drug pipeline with peptide-based therapeutics, mainly in, but not restricted to, incretin-like molecules for treatment of metabolic disorders such as diabetes. The second is the development of genetic and optogenetic tools enabling new insights into how peptides actually function within brain and peripheral circuits to accomplish homeostatic and allostatic regulation. The third is the explosion in defined structures of the G-protein coupled receptors to which most regulatory peptides bind and exert their actions.These trends have closely wedded basic systems biology to drug discovery and development, creating a "two-way street" on which translational advances travel from basic research to the clinic, and, equally importantly, "reverse-translational" information is gathered, about the molecular, cellular and circuit-level mechanisms of action of regulatory peptides, comprising information required for the fine-tuning of drug development through testing in animal models. This review focuses on a small group of 'influential' peptides, including oxytocin, vasopressin, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, ghrelin, relaxin-3 and glucagon-like peptide-1, and how basic discoveries and their application to therapeutics have intertwined over the past decade. K E Y W O R D S neuroendocrinology, regulatory peptide, therapeutics, translation How to cite this article: Eiden LE, Gundlach AL, Grinevich V, et al. Regulatory peptides and systems biology: A new era of translational and reverse-translational neuroendocrinology.

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Vagal Blocking for Obesity Control: a Possible Mechanism-Of-Action

Abstract: Based on the present study, we may suggest that VBLOC induces satiety through vagal signaling, leading to reduced food intake and loss of body weight.

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Vagus nerve spiking activity associated with locomotion and cortical arousal states in a freely moving rat

Vagus nerve spiking activity associated with locomotion and cortical arousal states in a freely moving rat

Influence of Cholecystokinin-8 on Compound Nerve Action Potentials from Ventral Gastric Vagus in Rats

Regulatory peptides and systems biology: A new era of translational and reverse‐translational neuroendocrinology

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