Vagus nerve stimulation drives selective circuit modulation through cholinergic reinforcement

Bowles, Spencer; Hickman, Jordan; Peng, Xiaoyu; Williamson, W. Ryan; Huang, Rongchen; Washington, Kayden; Donegan, Dane; Welle, Cristin G.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2022.06.017

Cited by 61 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…The explanation for the small effect is suggested by recent work showing that VNS enhances motor learning via reinforcement by phasic cholinergic signaling. 40 As we have shown, the capacity for motor skill learning after stroke is intact within the constraints of the impairment envelope, that is to say learning cannot break through this envelope. Thus VNS may primarily be bringing patients to the lower bound of their impairment via reinforcement learning but no further.…”

Section: Invasive Brain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Neurotechnology’s Prospects for Bringing About Meaningful Reductions in Neurological Impairment

Putrino

Krakauer

2022

Neurorehabil Neural Repair

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Here we report and comment on the magnitudes of post-stroke impairment reduction currently observed using new neurotechnologies. We argue that neurotechnology’s best use case is impairment reduction as this is neither the primary strength nor main goal of conventional rehabilitation, which is better at targeting the activity and participation levels of the ICF. The neurotechnologies discussed here can be divided into those that seek to be adjuncts for enhancing conventional rehabilitation, and those that seek to introduce a novel behavioral intervention altogether. Examples of the former include invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation. Examples of the latter include robotics and some forms of serious gaming. We argue that motor learning and training-related recovery are conceptually and mechanistically distinct. Based on our survey of recent results, we conclude that large reductions in impairment will need to begin with novel forms of high dose and high intensity behavioral intervention that are qualitatively different to conventional rehabilitation. Adjunct forms of neurotechnology, if they are going to be effective, will need to piggyback on these new behavioral interventions.

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Section: Invasive Brain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Neurotechnology’s Prospects for Bringing About Meaningful Reductions in Neurological Impairment

Putrino

Krakauer

2022

Neurorehabil Neural Repair

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“…2b ). By design, this meant that VNS pairing was performed irrespective of trial outcome, in contrast to a recent important study of motor learning 50 . For experimental animals, VNS stimulation intensity was 0.6-0.8 mA, fixed per animal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagus nerve stimulation recruits the central cholinergic system to enhance perceptual learning

Martin

Papadoyannis

Schiavo

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Perception can be refined by experience up to certain limits. It is unclear if limitations are absolute or could be partially overcome via enhanced neuromodulation and/or plasticity. Recent studies highlight the utility of peripheral nerve stimulation - specifically vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) - for altering neural activity and augmenting experience-dependent plasticity, although little is known about central mechanisms recruited by VNS. Here we developed an auditory discrimination task for mice implanted with a VNS electrode. VNS occurring during behavior gradually improved discrimination abilities beyond the level achieved by training alone. Using two-photon imaging, we identified changes to auditory cortical responses and activation of cortically-projecting cholinergic axons with VNS. Anatomical and optogenetic experiments revealed that VNS seemed to enhance task performance via activation of the central cholinergic system. These results highlight the importance of cholinergic modulation for the efficacy of VNS, perhaps enabling further refinement of VNS methodology for clinical conditions.

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“…Neuromodulation therapy and vagus nerve stimulation influence the CNS by accelerating motor refinement in the primary motor cortex via cholinergic signaling ( Bowles et al, 2022 ). In other words, a mechanism that can improve disease without directly targeting the brain has been revealed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature review on the interdisciplinary biomarkers of multi-target and multi-time herbal medicine therapy to modulate peripheral systems in cognitive impairment

Park

Lee²,

Zhao³

et al. 2023

Front. Neurosci.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. The approved drug for AD has certain limitations such as a short period of cognitive improvement effect; moreover, the development of drug for AD therapeutic single target for Aβ clearance in brain ended in failure. Therefore, diagnosis and treatment of AD using a multi-target strategy according to the modulation of the peripheral system, which is not only limited to the brain, is needed. Traditional herbal medicines can be beneficial for AD based on a holistic theory and personalized treatment according to the time-order progression of AD. This literature review aimed to investigate the effectiveness of herbal medicine therapy based on syndrome differentiation, a unique theory of traditional diagnosis based on the holistic system, for multi-target and multi-time treatment of mild cognitive impairment or AD stage. Possible interdisciplinary biomarkers including transcriptomic and neuroimaging studies by herbal medicine therapy for AD were investigated. In addition, the mechanism by which herbal medicines affect the central nervous system in connection with the peripheral system in an animal model of cognitive impairment was reviewed. Herbal medicine may be a promising therapy for the prevention and treatment of AD through a multi-target and multi-time strategy. This review would contribute to the development of interdisciplinary biomarkers and understanding of the mechanisms of action of herbal medicine in AD.

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Vagus nerve stimulation drives selective circuit modulation through cholinergic reinforcement

Cited by 61 publications

References 116 publications

Neurotechnology’s Prospects for Bringing About Meaningful Reductions in Neurological Impairment

Neurotechnology’s Prospects for Bringing About Meaningful Reductions in Neurological Impairment

Vagus nerve stimulation recruits the central cholinergic system to enhance perceptual learning

Literature review on the interdisciplinary biomarkers of multi-target and multi-time herbal medicine therapy to modulate peripheral systems in cognitive impairment

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