Validation and field application of tailor-made nitrogen dioxide passive samplers

Bootdee, Susira; Chalemrom, P.; Chantara, Somporn

doi:10.1007/s13762-012-0074-2

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The Indoor and outdoor NO 2 levels were collected by lab made passive samplers [15] in order to estimate NO 2 levels emitted from different sources. The major source of NO 2 outdoors was traffic emissions, while the burning of incense was the primary indoor source.…”

Section: No 2 Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Bootdee¹,

Chantara²

2014

IJESD

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Abstract-The inhalation of fine particles (PM 2.5 ) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) has been associated with health problems. Incense burning is an important indoor source of these pollutants. This research aims to measure PM 2.5 and NO 2 emitted from incense burning in shrines on special occasions and during normal periods to assess the indoor air quality changes. PM 2.5 samples were collected on Teflon filters using a mini volume air sampler set up inside the shrines, while NO 2 samples were collected by tube type passive samplers, set up both indoors and outdoors. When special events were compared with normal occasions, the mean PM 2.5 concentrations obtained from 8 and 24 hrs were significantly different (p<0.05). Moreover, their concentrations were significantly higher on Chinese New Year than on other special occasions. In the case of NO 2 , the concentrations were not different among a variety of special occasions, but were higher than the values measured during the normal periods. Moreover, NO 2 concentrations were not found to be significantly different when the indoor and the outdoor values were compared. The values of PM 2.5 and NO 2 concentrations at both shrines were highest during the Chinese New Year. The main reason for this was clearly the number of visitors, which was related with the amount of incense being burned. Concentrations of NO 2 and PM 2.5 were well correlated (r = 0.580 -0.779) in every occasion. It can be concluded that the amount of incense being burned played a significant role in pollutant emissions and the indoor air quality.Index Terms-PM 2.5 , nitrogen dioxide, incense burning, indoor air quality.

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Section: No 2 Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Bootdee¹,

Chantara²

2014

IJESD

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“…Saenz-de-Miera and Rosselló [13] observed a 1 % tourist increase in Mallorca related to a 0.45 % increase in PM 10 concentration. Nitrogen dioxide concentration in Chiang Mai and Nakhon Si Thammarat's tourist cities were comparable in the range 13 to 96 µg m -3 , while the concentration in Seoul, Korea ranged 41 -181 µg m -3 [14][15][16]. Results indicated that NO 2 levels in tourist cities were influenced by factors such as tourism and other anthropogenic activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Health Risk Assessment of Residents in a Tourist City: A Case Study of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province

Kaewrat

Janta

2021

Walailak J Sci & Tech

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Nakhon Si Thammarat is one of the most popular tourist destinations among the secondary tourism cities according to economic promotions. The rapid growth of the tourism industry is evidenced by increasing road traffic, especially at weekends, contributing to high nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentration. The concentration of NO2 was measured in the main tourist destinations of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. Likewise, health risks from NO2 exposure were also evaluated for the local residents. Air mass movement was applied to indicate risk areas of non-cancer health effects from exposure to NO2. Air samples were collected over 24 hours using a passive sampling technique at 3 areas in the tourist destination on weekdays and weekends during the wet season in 2018 and 2019. Results showed that NO2 concentrations at weekends were 2 - 3 times higher than on weekdays due to increased vehicular traffic. Anthropogenic activities had a greater influence than meteorological conditions on pollutant concentration. The NO2 concentration was within the ambient air quality standard, but toxicological risk quotients for the residents were above the recommended limits for human health. Findings indicated that local residents risked non-cancer health effects from long-term exposure to NO2. Therefore, sensitive residents should avoid outdoor activities on weekends. Moreover, the tourism authority should consider controlling visitor numbers, providing a parking area, and providing public transportation systems to reduce traffic-related pollutants for sustainable tourism in Thailand.

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“…The concentrations of the reagents should be such that, on mixing, the ratio of the two reagents in the extraction solution are 7 × 10 −3 g of NEDD per 1 g of sulphanilamide with absolute reagent amounts per sample PDT of the order of 0.42 mg and 60 mg, respectively. The colour absorption should be measured within 2 h. As part of a general evaluation of custom-built tube-like passive samplers for NO 2 , Bootdee et al [24] Equation (1) that is used to calculate the exposure-average NO 2 concentration is based on Fick's first law of diffusion with an assumption of a time-independent linear concentration profile of NO 2 along the tube. Bias in the derived NO 2 occurs when this assumption breaks down.…”

Section: Appendix A2 Bias In Quantification Of Absorbed Nitritementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two further field studies involving custom-built tube-like passive samplers for NO 2 provide some information relevant to meteorology-associated biases in field deployments. A study by Bootdee et al [24] exposed three geometries of tube (a polyethylene tube 5.4 cm long, 1.4 cm i.d. ; and two sizes of polypropylene tube, 5.3 cm long, 1.3 cm i.d.…”

Section: Field Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biases in the Measurement of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) by Palmes Passive Diffusion Tube: A Review of Current Understanding

2019

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Palmes-type passive diffusion tubes (PDTs) are widely used to measure levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in air quality studies. Molecules of NO2 diffuse down the concentration gradient established in the tube by their reactive conversion into nitrite (NO2−) with triethanolamine (TEA) absorbent at the inner end. The relatively low uptake rate for the tube geometry means that exposure-averaged NO2 concentration can be calculated from first principles using the diffusion coefficient, D, for NO2 in air. This review provides a critical assessment of the current understanding of sources and extent of potential bias in NO2 PDT measurements in each of the following methodological stages: preparation of the absorbent; quantification of the absorbed NO2−; deployment in the field; calculation of the exposure-average NO2 concentration from the absorbed NO2−; and assessment of PDT bias through comparison against a chemiluminescence NO2 analyser. The review has revealed strong evidence that PDT measurement of NO2 can be subject to bias from a number of sources. The most significant positive biases are ambient wind flow at the entrance of the tube potentially leading to bias of tens of percent, and within-tube chemical reaction between NO and O3 causing bias up to ~25% at urban background locations, but much less at roadside and rural locations. Sources of potentially significant negative bias are associated with deployment times of several weeks in warm and sunny conditions, and deployments in atmospheres with relative humidities <~75% which causes incomplete conversion of NO2 to NO2−. Evidence suggests that biases (positive or negative) can be introduced by individual laboratories in the PDT preparation and NO2− quantification steps. It is insufficiently acknowledged that the value of D is not accurately known—some controlled chamber experiments can be interpreted as indicating that the value of D currently used is too low, giving rise to a positive bias in PDT-derived NO2 concentration. More than one bias may be present in a given PDT deployment, and because the biases act independently the net effect on PDT NO2 determination is the linear sum of individual biases acting on that deployment. The effect of net bias can be reduced by application of a local “bias adjustment” factor derived from co-locations of PDTs with a chemiluminescence analyser. When this is carried out, the PDT is suitable as an indicative measure of NO2 for air quality assessments. However, it must be recognised that individual PDT deployments may be subject to unknown variation in the bias adjustment factor for that deployment.

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Validation and field application of tailor-made nitrogen dioxide passive samplers

Abstract: This study describes the validation and field application of new tailor

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Emission of Fine Particulate Matter and Nitrogen Dioxide from Incense Burning in Shrines, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Health Risk Assessment of Residents in a Tourist City: A Case Study of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province

Biases in the Measurement of Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) by Palmes Passive Diffusion Tube: A Review of Current Understanding

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