Validation of image systems simulation technology using a Cornell Box

Abstract

We describe and experimentally validate an end-to-end simulation of a digital camera. The simulation models the spectral radiance of 3D-scenes, formation of the spectral irradiance by multi-element optics, and conversion of the irradiance to digital values by the image sensor. We quantify the accuracy of the simulation by comparing real and simulated images of a precisely constructed, three-dimensional high dynamic range test scene. Validated end-to-end software simulation of a digital camera can accelerate innovation by reducing many of the time-consuming and expensive steps in designing, building and evaluating image systems.

Accurate smartphone camera simulation using 3D scenes

“…We began the calibration by comparing the measured RGB values with those predicted by using the published sensor color channel quantum efficiencies (QE) and the transmissivity of a NIR filter as described in [42]. There is a substantial mismatch for this prediction which we attribute to optical and electrical cross-talk and channel gains.…”