Validation of the Affect Integration Inventory in a sample of patients with personality disorders: A cross-sectional study

Frederiksen, Christina; Solbakken, Ole André; Licht, Rasmus W; Christensen, Ann-Eva; Jørgensen, Carsten René; Telléus, Gry Kjærsdam

doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103554

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Therefore, it would be highly relevant to address this issue in future studies. Additionally, it has been established that the ACI and the AII tap into different dimensions of the AI construct (Frederiksen et al ., 2021a ); hence, further knowledge of the conceptual discrepancies between the ACI and the AII is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our view, emotional dysfunction as operationalized in the present study may effectively account for both general (e.g., Global AI) and specific aspects (e.g., Access to Interest) of BPD and APD. We also believe that our findings are particularly relevant to the upcoming ICD‐11 classification of PD severity (e.g., Bach & First, 2018 ; World Health Organization, 2018 ), which specifically relies on “Range and appropriateness of emotional experience and expression”, “Tendency to be emotionally over‐ or underreactive”, and “Ability to recognize and acknowledge unwanted emotions (e.g., anger, sadness).” The concept of AI appears to operationalize and assess all of these aspects of emotional dysfunction in a reliable and valid way (Frederiksen et al ., 2021a , 2021b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data used in this cross‐sectional study constitute part of an overarching study of various aspects of AI in PDs (Frederiksen et al ., 2021a , 2021b ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both instruments aim to assess the level of adaptiveness of the individual’s affect organization. Various studies have demonstrated the validity of both the ACI (Lech, Andersson & Holmqvist, 2008 ; Monsen, Melgård & Ødegård, 1996 ; Solbakken, Hansen, Havik & Monsen, 2011 ; Taarvig, Solbakken, Grova & Monsen, 2015 ) and the AII (Frederiksen et al ., 2021a ; Solbakken & Monsen, 2021 ; Solbakken, Rauk, Solem, Lødrup & Monse, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in terms of theoretical differentiation and as empirically demonstrated in a recent study by Frederiksen et al . ( 2021a ), the AII taps into components and dimensions of the AI construct other than the ACI. Thus, use of the AII may lead to new insights into emotional dysfunction related to APD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional dysfunction in avoidant personality disorder and borderline personality disorder: A cross‐sectional comparative study

Frederiksen

Solbakken

Licht

et al. 2021

Scandinavian J Psychology

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According to the literature, avoidant personality disorder (APD) is often overlooked in research on personality disorders. In the present study, patients with APD were compared to patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) with respect to emotional dysfunction. Emotional dysfunction was operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory. Sixty‐one patients receiving treatment at specialized outpatient hospital facilities for either BPD (n = 25) or APD (n = 36) (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition) were included in a cross‐sectional study. Supporting our expectations of no difference in the global capacity for affect integration between groups, the estimated difference was 0.00 (95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.53, 0.53]). On the other hand, the expected increased dysfunction in APD regarding Expression could not be confirmed. Furthermore, problems with specific affects distinguished the groups; integration of Interest was worse in APD (p = 0.01), whereas integration of Jealousy was worse in BPD (p = 0.04). In terms of prototypical modes of experiencing affects, APD was characterized by decreased access to the motivational properties of Interest (p < 0.01), while BPD was more driven by Interest (p < 0.01), Anger (p < 0.01), and Jealousy (p = 0.01). In conclusion, even though the two disorders are characterized by similar overall levels of emotional dysfunction, they differ systematically and predictably regarding specific affects and modes of experiencing. These findings carry implications for the understanding of emotional dysfunction in APD and BPD, suggesting specific areas of emotional dysfunction that could be targeted in tailored psychotherapeutic interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data used in this cross‐sectional study constitute part of an overarching study of various aspects of AI in PDs (Frederiksen et al ., 2021a , 2021b ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotional dysfunction in avoidant personality disorder and borderline personality disorder: A cross‐sectional comparative study

Frederiksen

Solbakken

Licht

et al. 2021

Scandinavian J Psychology

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Mentalising severe self‐harm: A longitudinal single case study of an add‐on AMBIT program

Høgenhaug,

Bloch,

Jensen

et al. 2024

Couns and Psychother Res

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BackgroundMentalization‐based treatment (MBT) has been proposed as a promising approach when treating patients suffering from borderline personality disorder (BPD) and severe self‐harm. Though study findings on MBT for patients who self‐harm are convincing, a meta‐analysis showed mixed results, calling for further research and the development of treatment protocols (Gross et al., 2024).AimThe aim of this study was to describe an add‐on AMBIT intervention for adult patients suffering from severe self‐harm. To demonstrate the add‐on AMBIT’s potential, a descriptive longitudinal study design was facilitated and illustrated with a single case of a woman in her mid‐twenties suffering from BPD and severe self‐harm.Materials and MethodsMultiple data sources were applied to show the longitudinal development of the patient one year before entering treatment, during treatment, and one year after treatment including calculation of number of hospitalized bed days, coercion episodes, and suicide attempts. Additionally, the Deliberate Self‐Harm Inventory, the Affect Integration Inventory, the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, the Hopkins Symptom Checklist, and the WHO’s Quality of Life questionnaire were measured every third month during a 2‐year treatment period to examine trajectories of change across time.FindingsStatistically significant increases were observed in levels of self‐compassion, self‐reassurance, emotion regulation skills and well‐being. Significant reductions were found in self‐criticism, anxiety and stress, and post‐study, participants became more open to receiving compassion from others.ResultsResults revealed significant improvements on all measured parameters including a reduction in the patient’s number of bed days (from 166 to 0), hospitalizations (from 4 to 0), coercion episodes (from 22 to 0), and suicide attempts (from 2 to 0). Furthermore, measures during the treatment period showed reduced self‐harm, decreased symptomatology, increased affect integration, better interpersonal functionality, and improved everyday functioning. Measures 1 year after treatment suggested lasting effects.DiscussionThe potential of the add‐on AMBIT intervention is discussed, including limitations and future research recommendations.

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Psychometric properties of the affect integration inventory – short form in a sample of patients with personality disorder

Frederiksen,

Kjaersdam Telléus,

Solbakken

2023

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionAffect integration comprises the capacity to access and utilize the motivational and signal properties of affects. This capacity is essential for personal adjustment, mental health, and well-being. Affect integration is commonly operationalized through the Affect Integration Inventory. This study examines the psychometric properties of a short-form (AII-SF-42) of the instrument in a sample of patients with personality disorders (n = 87).MethodsAnalyses of internal-consistency reliability, along with standardized mean differences-, and associations between short- and long-forms are reported. Internal structure was assessed by confirmatory factor analyses and external criterion validity was addressed by tests of associations between the AII-SF-42-scale scores and measures of alexithymia, symptom distress, interpersonal problems and level of personality dysfunction.ResultsThe study demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity for scores derived from the AII-SF-42, including acceptable internal consistency and strong correspondence with long-form scores, a consistent factor structure organized according to discrete affects, and systematic patterns of convergent and discriminant associations with external measures.ConclusionTaken together, the results of the study demonstrate that in clinical settings, including patients with personality disorders the AII-SF-42 is a valid and useful alternative to the full-length version of the instrument.

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Validation of the Affect Integration Inventory in a sample of patients with personality disorders: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Emotional dysfunction in avoidant personality disorder and borderline personality disorder: A cross‐sectional comparative study

Emotional dysfunction in avoidant personality disorder and borderline personality disorder: A cross‐sectional comparative study

Mentalising severe self‐harm: A longitudinal single case study of an add‐on AMBIT program

Psychometric properties of the affect integration inventory – short form in a sample of patients with personality disorder

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