Validation of the Korean Version of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms

Jang, Seon Kyeong; Park, Seon Cheol; Choi, Kee Hong; Yi, Jung Seo; Park, Joong Kyu; Lee, Jung Suk; Lee, Seung Hwan

doi:10.4306/pi.2017.14.4.413

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We only used two tests of cognitive function is this study, but our results echo with earlier findings that the CAINS does not merely assess deficits in cognitive function [15]. However, one study did find a correlation between the CAINS and verbal fluency, and the authors argue that this might reflect a common fronto-striatal dysfunction [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Most of the other validation studies have used the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) [44] for discriminant validity. The results have been mixed; some have found significant correlations [19,20], while others have not [15,21]. Our study would have merited from also including the CDSS, but MADRS-S is somewhat of a gold standard rating scale for depression in Sweden.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The original developers have provided educational material as well as video recordings to facilitate the training process. To date, there are validation studies for versions of the CAINS in German [17], Mandarin and Cantonese [18], Spanish [19], Korean [20,21] and Serbian [22]. There has also been a validation of the English version in Singapore [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A blinded validation of the Swedish version of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS)

Bengtsson

Bodén

Neider

et al. 2021

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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Purpose: The Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS) was developed in order to advance the assessment of negative symptoms. The aim of this study was to validate the Swedish version of the CAINS. Materials and methods: Thirty-four out-patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder were recruited. All patients were videotaped while interviewed with the CAINS and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Another rater watched the video recordings in the reverse order, enabling a blinded design. The patients also filled in self-reported measures of depression, quality of life, and social and vocational functioning. We calculated inter-rater agreement and internal consistency for the CAINS. We also calculated validity measures by correlating the subscales Motivation and Pleasure (CAINS-MAP) and Expression (CAINS-EXP) to subscales of the BPRS. Results: The blinded inter-rater agreement for the CAINS total score was high (ICC ¼ 0.92) but slightly lower for the expression subscale (ICC ¼ 0.76). Cronbach's alpha was 0.84 for the total score. Convergent validity with the negative symptoms subscale of BPRS was different for the blinded and the unblinded data, with a CAINS-MAP correlation of 0.10 (p ¼ 0.580) and a CAINS-EXP correlation of 0.48 (p ¼ 0.004) in the blinded data. The unblinded data had a CAINS-MAP correlation of 0.38 (p ¼ 0.026) and a CAINS-EXP correlation of 0.87 (p < 0.001). Self-rated measures of anhedonia correlated to CAINS-MAP with a coefficient of 0.68 (p < 0.001), while the CAINS-EXP only had a correlation of 0.16 (p ¼ 0.366) to these measures. Conclusion:The Swedish version of the CAINS displays adequate psychometric properties in line with earlier validation studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A blinded validation of the Swedish version of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS)

Bengtsson

Bodén

Neider

et al. 2021

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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Validation of accelerometry as a digital phenotyping measure of negative symptoms in schizophrenia

et al. 2022

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Negative symptoms are commonly assessed via clinical rating scales; however, these measures have several inherent limitations that impact validity and utility for their use in clinical trials. Objective digital phenotyping measures that overcome some of these limitations are now available. The current study evaluated the validity of accelerometry (ACL), a passive digital phenotyping method that involves collecting data on the presence, vigor, and variability of movement. Outpatients with schizophrenia (SZ: n = 50) and demographically matched healthy controls (CN: n = 70) had ACL continuously recorded from a smartphone and smartband for 6 days. Active digital phenotyping assessments, including surveys related to activity context, were also collected via 8 daily surveys throughout the 6 day period. SZ participants had lower scores on phone ACL variables reflecting vigor and variability of movement compared to CN. ACL variables demonstrated convergent validity as indicated by significant correlations with active digital phenotyping self-reports of time spent in goal-directed activities and clinical ratings of negative symptoms. The discriminant validity of ACL was demonstrated by low correlations with clinical rating scale measures of positive, disorganized, and total symptoms. Collectively, findings suggest that ACL is a valid objective measure of negative symptoms that may complement traditional approaches to assessing the construct using clinical rating scales.

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EPA guidance on assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia

et al. 2021

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Background. During the last decades, a renewed interest for negative symptoms (NS) was brought about by the increased awareness that they interfere severely with real-life functioning, particularly when they are primary and persistent. Methods. In this guidance paper, we provide a systematic review of the evidence and elaborate several recommendations for the conceptualization and assessment of NS in clinical trials and practice. Results. Expert consensus and systematic reviews have provided guidance for the optimal assessment of primary and persistent negative symptoms; second-generation rating scales, which provide a better assessment of the experiential domains, are available; however, NS are still poorly assessed both in research and clinical settings. This European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance recommends the use of persistent negative symptoms (PNS) construct in the context of clinical trials and highlights the need for further efforts to make the definition of PNS consistent across studies in order to exclude as much as possible secondary negative symptoms. We also encourage clinicians to use secondgeneration scales, at least to complement first-generation ones. The EPA guidance further recommends the evidence-based exclusion of several items included in first-generation scales from any NS summary or factor score to improve NS measurement in research and clinical settings. Self-rated instruments are suggested to further complement observer-rated scales in NS assessment. Several recommendations are provided for the identification of secondary negative symptoms in clinical settings. Conclusions. The dissemination of this guidance paper may promote the development of national guidelines on negative symptom assessment and ultimately improve the care of people with schizophrenia.

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Validation of the Korean Version of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

A blinded validation of the Swedish version of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS)

A blinded validation of the Swedish version of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS)

Validation of accelerometry as a digital phenotyping measure of negative symptoms in schizophrenia

EPA guidance on assessment of negative symptoms in schizophrenia

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