Validation of the Portuguese version of the Negative Attitudes towards Robots Scale

Polish Version of the Negative Attitude Toward Robots Scale (NARS-PL)

“…Both the British and the Portuguese validations support the conclusion that various cultural variables (e.g. familiarity with the idea of robots) may be responsible for discrepancies between the Japanese and European factors structure [12].…”

“…The preliminary study aimed at the adaptation of NARS [4,5] and comparison with PNARS [12], and showed that the Polish version of the scale consists of two subscales:…”

“…Belief in human nature uniqueness scale [12], [15]: A 6-item scale assesses the extent to which humans reserve human nature for their own group and deny the possibility of a human essence to robots. Participants responded on a 7-point scale (1 -totally disagree to 7 -totally agree).…”

“…Items 7 and 14 showed very low item-total correlations. Additionally, these items seem to be outdated or inadequate in our conditions, and it is probable that item 14 is culturally biased due to the differences in the familiarity with the idea of robots in popular culture in both countries [12]. The Japanese are used to higher robots exposure and that might lead to a more complex cognitive representation of robots and their future role in society than Europeans have.…”

Designing Social Robots for Interaction at Work: Socio-Cognitive Factors Underlying Intention to Work with Social Robots

“…The use of indirect methods, like video, to study human-robot interaction (HRI) is quite common [58][59][60][61] and proved to be a valid method [62].…”