Valores, Atitudes e Uso de Bebidas Alcoólicas: Proposta de um Modelo Hierárquico

Abstract

This study aimed to understand the axiological basis of attitudes toward alcohol use by testing the hierarchical model of values→attitudes→behavior. One hundred and forty-nine undergraduates (most of whom were men; i.e., 57.4%) from Parnaíba, Brazil, participated in the study (mean age = 22.8 years). The participants answered the Basic Values Survey, Attitudes toward Use Alcohol Scale, and demographic questions. The results indicated that the excitement values positively correlated with favorable attitudes toward alcohol use, while normative values were negatively related. The mediating role of attitudes on this relation was also confirmed in the analyses. The current study supports the proposed hierarchical model, and thereby contributes to the understanding of alcohol use and has implication for designing public policies to combat the dysfunctional pattern of unhealthy consumption.Keywords: Alcoholic Beverages, Behavior, Social Psychology.Resumen: Este artículo tuvo como objetivo conocer las bases axiológicas de las actitudes frente al consumo de alcohol, evaluando el modelo jerárquico valores→actitudes→comportamiento. Contó con la participación de 149 estudiantes de dos IES de la ciudad de Parnaíba (PI) con una edad media de 22,8 años y la mayoría hombres ( 57,4% ) que respondieron el Cuestionario de los Valores Básicos, la Escala de Actitudes Frente al Uso de Alcohol y preguntas demográficas. Los resultados indicaron que los valores de experimentación se correlacionaron positivamente con las actitudes favorables al consumo de alcohol, mientras que los valores normativos lo hicieron negativamente. Se confirmó, también, el papel mediador de las actitudes. Concluyendo, esta investigación apoya el modelo jerárquico citado, favoreciendo la comprensión del uso de alcohol y el diseño de políticas públicas para combatir el patrón disfuncional de consumo.

Endorsement of Social and Personal Values Predicts the Desirability of Men and Women as Long-Term Partners

“…Specifically, when ascribed with personal values, men were rated as less desirable than women, suggesting that the potential costs of having a long-term partner who endorses personal values are greater for women than for men. This result is consistent with previous research documenting that men’s (but not women’s) desirability as a long-term partner varies with ascribed excitement values ( Lopes et al, 2017 )—a class of personal values associated with risky activities (e.g., alcohol abuse; Medeiros et al, 2015 ) and infidelity ( Guerra et al, 2012 ). These partner attributes are undesirable for both sexes in a long-term relationship, but because women prioritize psychological attributes over physical features in a long-term context ( Williams et al, 2008 ), any psychological attribute that may lead to less parental investment—such as taking excessive risks that may reduce offspring survival, or committing emotional infidelity that may lead to diversion of resources—should be highly weighted in women’s evaluation of men’s desirability as a long-term partner.…”

“…For example, the endorsement of personal values is associated with narcissistic traits (e.g., self-promoting mate attraction behaviors are positively associated with Narcissism; Monteiro et al, 2017 ), suggesting that individuals endorsing personal values may be more likely to prioritize their own interests over the interests of others. Individuals endorsing personal values—such as pleasure and sexuality—are also more likely to engage in risk-taking activities including heavy alcohol consumption ( Medeiros, Pimentel, Monteiro, Gouveia, & Medeiros, 2015 ) and infidelity ( Guerra et al, 2012 ). Men engaging in risk-taking activities may be less desirable in a long-term mating context to the extent that risk-taking signals greater likelihood of infidelity ( Buss & Schmitt, 1993 ).…”

Perfil Valorativo e Saúde Geral de Homens Usuários da Atenção Básica

“…Para tal, buscam evitar incertezas em relação ao futuro, engajando-se em comportamentos que promovam a manutenção da saúde física e da estabilidade financeira (Gouveia, 2013). Quanto a subfunção normativa, indivíduos guiados por tais valores aderem mais facilmente a obediência a normas convencionais (Coelho et al, 2018;Medeiros, Pimentel, Monteiro, Gouveia, & Medeiros, 2015). Isto pode servir como fator protetivo em relação a saúde mental, uma vez que atividades de auto-cuidado em relação a saúde exigem a adoção de práticas que demandam disciplina, obediência e auto-controle, tais como a prática regular de exercícios, visita regular a serviços de saúde ou a adoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis.…”

Personal Values and Intragroup Relationship: The Case of the Police Tactical Groups in Brasília

“…Studies on behavior, one of the main topics in social psychology, commonly consist of two predictors: values and attitudes (Milfont, Duckitt, & Wagner, 2010). The structural relationship between value-attitude-behavior began with research on food purchases (Homer & Kahle, 1988) and continues to several other topics such as the use of alcoholic beverages (Medeiros, Pimentel, Monteiro, Gouveia, & Medeiros, 2015) and transformational leadership ( (Castillo, Adell, & Alvarez, 2018). Thus, values are on the basis of attitudes and behaviors.…”