Valorisation of softwood bark through extraction of utilizable chemicals. A review

Jablonský, Michal; J, Nosalova; Sládková, Alexandra; Ház, Aleš; Kreps, František; Váľka, Jozef; Miertus, Stanislav; Frecer, Vladimı́r; Ondrejovič, Miroslav; Šíma, Jozef; Šurina, Igor

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.07.007

Cited by 61 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 291 publications

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“…Valuable secondary metabolites have been found in bark extracts, with as many as 237 individual compounds identified (Jablonsky et al 2017). Such compounds can be extracted using hot water or organic solvents and include tannins which form the major proportion of bark extractives, as well as lipophilic compounds and polysaccharides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative and qualitative composition of bark polyphenols changes longitudinally with bark maturity in Abies alba Mill.

Brennan

Fritsch

Cosgun

et al. 2020

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Total bark extractive content increases at positions higher in the trunk of Abies alba Mill. trees. The greatest proportions of bark polyphenolic extractives are found in the lower section of the trunk, below the crown. & Context The bark of commercially grown softwood trees is a potentially valuable source of secondary metabolites including polyphenols such as tannins, used in the manufacture of adhesives and resins. There is little information about how the yield and composition of bark extracts vary longitudinally within trees and with respect to the presence or absence of branches. & Aims We examined the variability of bark secondary metabolites in the softwood Abies alba both longitudinally within trees and among trees at specific sample heights. The aim was to determine whether specific bark fractions within this species contain more extractable secondary metabolites than others. & Methods Eight trees of A. alba were harvested, and up to 13 discs were cut along the trunk from 30 cm above the ground to where the trunk was only 10 cm in diameter. Milled bark was extracted with water:ethanol (1:1) using an accelerated solvent extractor and the dry yield calculated. Extract composition was examined by liquid chromatography followed by mass spectrometry. & Results Total extract yield increased from the base of the tree towards the top. The yield of the most abundant polyphenolic compounds decreased from the base of the tree towards the top, indicating the total extracts included compounds that were not detectable with the chromatographic method used.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative and qualitative composition of bark polyphenols changes longitudinally with bark maturity in Abies alba Mill.

Brennan

Fritsch

Cosgun

et al. 2020

Annals of Forest Science

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“…antimicrobial activity, bark extracts, Betula papyrifera Marshall, mass spectrometry, white birch to bark. Recent studies have revealed that forestry wastes such as bark possess potentially important properties for new applications, which are related to their chemical content (Feng, Cheng, Yuan, Leitch, & Xu, 2013;Jablonsky et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of white birch (Betula papyrifera Marshall) bark extracts

et al. 2019

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More than 50 million tons of bark, mainly derived from pulp and wood industries, are produced annually in North America (Gupta, 2009). In Canada, only a fraction of the bark is used as an energy source by direct combustion, and the rest of the bark is incinerated or landfilled as waste (Cheng, Deng, Zhang, Riedl, & Cloutier, 2006). Both incineration and landfilling are nonsustainable avenues, whereas the combustion of bark is not ideal for energy production as it contains a high ash content that lower its heating values. Thus, the combustion of bark for energy recovery is not economically advantageous. In addition to ash, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, bark also contains small amounts of bioactive compounds called extractives, which have potential to provide value-added coproducts

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“…In general, more than 8000 phenolic structures are currently known [9], including a diverse group of compounds of soluble phenolics such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and nonsoluble compounds, such as lignins and condensed tannins [10]. Several studies have reported that these chemical compounds have a wide range of bioactive properties, such as cytotoxic, antibacterial, repellent, fungicidal, antimycotic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimalarial, antimutagenic, and growth-inhibiting effects [11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. The work of Jablonsky et al [13] summarized the properties of 237 compounds extracted from coniferous bark and reported in various studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have reported that these chemical compounds have a wide range of bioactive properties, such as cytotoxic, antibacterial, repellent, fungicidal, antimycotic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimalarial, antimutagenic, and growth-inhibiting effects [11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. The work of Jablonsky et al [13] summarized the properties of 237 compounds extracted from coniferous bark and reported in various studies. The following activities have been established for the substances extracted from bark: Cytotoxic (25 identified substances), antioxidant (26 substances), fungicidal (20 substances), antibacterial (42 substances), anti-inflammatory (10 substances), antimutagenic (5 substances), pharmacokinetic (5 substances), pheromone (10 substances), and inhibiting (22 substances) [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The work of Jablonsky et al [13] summarized the properties of 237 compounds extracted from coniferous bark and reported in various studies. The following activities have been established for the substances extracted from bark: Cytotoxic (25 identified substances), antioxidant (26 substances), fungicidal (20 substances), antibacterial (42 substances), anti-inflammatory (10 substances), antimutagenic (5 substances), pharmacokinetic (5 substances), pheromone (10 substances), and inhibiting (22 substances) [13]. For obtaining specific bioactive compounds with the desired properties, it is essential to find suitable experimental conditions of isolation, since the extraction parameters determine a qualitative and quantitative representation of individual components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spruce Bark—A Source of Polyphenolic Compounds: Optimizing the Operating Conditions of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction

et al. 2019

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The present study described the optimization of the extraction process with carbon dioxide in supercritical state for obtaining extractives, especially polyphenols from softwood bark, Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Using a full 23 factorial design of experiments, the effect of varying the working parameters on the yield of extractives was studied for the following ranges: temperature 40–100 °C, pressure 1050–9000 psi (7.2–62 MPa), and concentration of EtOH/water co-solvent mixture 40–96.6%. In addition, total phenolics content and the antioxidant capacity of the spruce bark extract were determined. The optimum operating conditions for the yield of extractives were identified as 73 °C, 6465 psi (44.5 MPa), and 58% EtOH/water cosolvent concentration for a yield of 8.92%. The optimum conditions for achieving a total phenolics content of 13.89 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry extract were determined as: 45 °C, 1050 psi (7.2 MPa), and 96.6% EtOH/water mixture.

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Valorisation of softwood bark through extraction of utilizable chemicals. A review

Cited by 61 publications

References 291 publications

Quantitative and qualitative composition of bark polyphenols changes longitudinally with bark maturity in Abies alba Mill.

Quantitative and qualitative composition of bark polyphenols changes longitudinally with bark maturity in Abies alba Mill.

Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of white birch (Betula papyrifera Marshall) bark extracts

Spruce Bark—A Source of Polyphenolic Compounds: Optimizing the Operating Conditions of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction

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