“…In this regard, VPA exhibits some pharmacodynamic properties, that are unrelated to the antiepileptic activity, and preclinical studies have reported that the drug could affect tumor cells in many respects (inhibition of proliferation and angiogenesis, promotion of apoptosis and autophagy) [6]; however, the mode of action of VPA is enigmatic, and the effects on glioma cells are somewhat contradictory [7][8].…”