Value of highly sensitive methods of?-fetoprotein determination for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and teratoblastoma

Абелев, Г. И.; Tsvetkov, V. S.; Biryulina, T. I.; Él'gort, D. A.; Olovnikov, A. M.; Gusev, Arkady I.; Yazova, A. K.; Perova, S. D.; Rubtsov, Igor V.; Shaborina, S. V.; Kantorovich, B. A.; Tur, Vicenc; Khazanov, A I; Levina, D. M.

doi:10.1007/bf00808489

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The presence of a-FP in viral hepatitis sera (Geffroy et al, 1970;Abelev et al, 1971) and our preliminary results (Ruoslahti et al, in preparation) indicate that the radioimmunoassay of a-FP may be useful in the diagnosis of liver diseases other than PLC.…”

Section: Fractionation Of A-fp In Normal Human Serummentioning

confidence: 72%

“…No a-FP was detected in normal sera in previous studies, where electroimmunodiffusion (Alpert and Zuckerman, 1970), immunoautoradiography or aggregate hemagglutination methods (Abelev et al, 1971) were used. We have demonstrated a-FP in normal human serum by several techniques: radioimmunoassay of the sera in 1:5 dilution, RIA after the removal of a-FP by anti-a-FP immunoadsorbents, subsequent elution of a-FP from the serum-treated immunoadsorbents, and fractionation of a-FP from human serum by electrofocusing.…”

Section: Fractionation Of A-fp In Normal Human Serummentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Using radioautography of the a-FP immunoprecipitate and aggregate-hemagglutination, Abelev et al (1971) were also able to find a-FP in the sera of…”

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confidence: 99%

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Studies of carcino‐fetal proteins. III. Development of a radioimmunoassay for α‐fetoprotein. Demonstration of α‐fetoprotein in serum of healthy human adults

Ruoslahti

Seppälä

1971

Intl Journal of Cancer

244

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A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for human a-fetoprotein (a-FP) was developed. The sensitivity threshold of the method is 250 picograms per ml, which means that it is 20,000 Immunological demonstration of a-fetoprotein is widely used in the diagnosis of primary liver cancer (PLC) and malignant embryonal teratoma. Abelev et al. (1963) were the first to show the association of a fetal protein with cancer in mice. In humans, Tatarinov (1965) demonstrated the presence in PLC of a protein which was immunoelectrophoretically indistinguishable from a-FP. This finding has been confirmed and extended by several authors (Abelev et al., 1967;Abelev, 1968;Masopust et al., 1968;Foli et al., 1969;Purves et al., 1970).The method used to demonstrate a-FP in hepatoma sera has generally been immunodiffusion in gel or its more sensitive modifications.Received: July 30, 1971. 374Some patients with histologically verified PLC have no detectable a-FP in their sera when tested by immunodiffusion or electroimmunodiffusion (Masopust et al., 1968;Foli et al., 1969;Purves et al., 1970). This raises the question of whether these sera are truly negative or would show elevated a-FP concentrations if analyzed by a more sensitive technique.Recent work (Purves and Bersohn, 1969;Abelev et al., 1971)shows that more a-FP-positive PLC cases are found if the sensitivity of the technique for demonstrating a-FP is increased. Using radioautography of the a-FP immunoprecipitate and aggregate-hemagglutination, Abelev et al. (1971) were also able to find a-FP in the sera of

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Section: Fractionation Of A-fp In Normal Human Serummentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Fractionation Of A-fp In Normal Human Serummentioning

confidence: 96%

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Studies of carcino‐fetal proteins. III. Development of a radioimmunoassay for α‐fetoprotein. Demonstration of α‐fetoprotein in serum of healthy human adults

Ruoslahti

Seppälä

1971

Intl Journal of Cancer

244

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“…We assume that the increased maternal AFP originates from the fetus in these conditions, although increased maternal AFP concentrations could be anticipated under circumstances in which the maternal liver is affected. This has been observed in some non-neoplastic liver diseases [2,17]. The increased fetal AFP in the maternal circulation may result from an increased fetal AFP concentration, increased transplacental passage of fetal blood, or transmission of fetal elements from the amniotic fluid to the mother.…”

Section: Increased Maternal Afp Levelsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Alpha fetoprotein: Physiology and pathology during pregnancy and application to antenatal diagnosis

Seppälä¹,

Ruoslahti²

1973

Journal of Perinatal Medicine

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Alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is synthesized by the x human fetal liver and yolk sac [8,9]. During the 12 th -14 th intrauterine weeks the serum concentration of AFP is at its highest, reaching a few milligrams per ml [7]. However, the total amount of AFP in the fetus increases until the 22 nd week of gestation, remaining constant until about the 32 nd week, and thereafter decreasing [7]. In the newborn at term, the serum AFP concentration is 50-ISO^g per ml [19]. AFP remains detectable by immunodiffusion or related methods for about 5 weeks after birth [24]. Greatly increased serum AFP levels cften reappear in adults with primary hepatocellular cancer [25] or teratocarcinomas [1]. Until recently, the occurrence of AFP in maternal serum had been contested [3]. We purified immunochemically human AFP [14] and developed a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for its determination [15]. It became evident thät small amounts (2-16 ng per ml) of AFP are present in normal human serum [15,16]. This finding has now been confirmed by other groups [6,13]. AFP levels in maternal serum increase during pregnancy and the highest AFP concentrations occur during the third trimester. The half life of maternal serum AFP after delivery is about 5 days [19]. In amniotic fluid, the AFP concentrations decrease from the 15 th week of gestation, and at term the concentrations are similar to those in maternal serum [19,21]. Recently, we found that the maternal serum AFP concentration often increases in asso- 1963-1965. Resident at Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology., University Central Hospital, Helsinki 1966-1969. Senior lecturer in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1970. Assistant professor at Dept. II of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Head: Professor PAAVO VARAJ, University Central Hospital, Helsinki, 1970.'* ciation with fetal death [20], and that this increase may occur even before the fetal death [23]. In the present paper we describe results on the AFP concentrations in normal and pathological pregnancies, and evaluate the clinical significance of the serum AFP levels in the antenatal diagnosis of high risk pregnancies.1. Materials 1.1 Serum samples from pregnant women Sera from 204 pregnant women between the 8 th and the 42 nd week of gestation were studied for the normal ränge. The following types of high risk pregnancies were investigated: 67 sera from 20 diabetic women, 116 specimens from 74 pregnant women with toxemia or hypertension, and 48 samples from 27 pregnant women with a liver disorder. Intrauterine fetal death occurred in 22 patients.

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“…Selbst bei Berficksichtigung nur starker Agglutinationen bei Titern ~ 1:4 ist diese Methode fiber einhundertmal empfindlieher als die Doppeldilfusion in der Mikromethode, fiber fiinfzigmal empfindlicher als die Doppeldiffusion in der Makrotechnik, ca. Abelev, Tsvetkov and Olovnikov [3,23] fanden/ihnliche Ergebnisse mit einer anderen Variante der passiven Hi~magglutination, der sog. fiinfzehnmal empfindlicher als der Latex-Fixationstest [16].…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Empfindlicher Nachweis von ?1-Foetoprotein im Serum durch passive H�magglutination

1974

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Passive Haemagglutination: A Sensitive ~-Foetoprotein Assay.Sum,mary. Passive haemagglutination for c¢x-foetoprotein was carried out in the reverse system coupling an¢i-ccz-foetoprotein-IgG with bis-diazotized benzidine on sheep erythrocytes. The lowest concentration detectable in the serum was 30 ng/ml. All the sera of 26 unselected patients with primary]iver cell carcinoma showed titers of 1:32 or higher. Titers of >1:4 were found in 142 patients with other carcinomas with or without liver metastases in 28.2% and in 238 patients with other benign liver diseases in 10.5% to 23.8%. A negative result in passive haemagglutination seems to elimin~te the diagnosis of a hepatocellular cancer; titers between 1:4 and 1:256 occur in hepatomas and in other carcinomas as in benign liver diseases; titers of 1:512 or higher are typical for primary liver cell carcinoma. %-foetoprotein is not a ~umor antigen specific for primary liver cell carcinoma or teratoblastoma. Nevertheless, regarding the enormous difference in the concentration in controls, in patients with benign liver diseases, malignant tumors and primary liver cell carcinoma, it is a higlfly characteristic tumor antigen.

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Value of highly sensitive methods of?-fetoprotein determination for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and teratoblastoma

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Studies of carcino‐fetal proteins. III. Development of a radioimmunoassay for α‐fetoprotein. Demonstration of α‐fetoprotein in serum of healthy human adults

Studies of carcino‐fetal proteins. III. Development of a radioimmunoassay for α‐fetoprotein. Demonstration of α‐fetoprotein in serum of healthy human adults

Alpha fetoprotein: Physiology and pathology during pregnancy and application to antenatal diagnosis

Empfindlicher Nachweis von ?1-Foetoprotein im Serum durch passive H�magglutination

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