Vanadyl sulfate can differentially damage DNA in human lymphocytes and HeLa cells

Abstract

Using the comet assay, we showed that vanadyl sulfate induced DNA damage in human normal lymphocytes and in HeLa cells. Vanadyl at 0.5 and 1 mM produced DNA single- and double-strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs) in lymphocytes, whereas in HeLa cells we observed only SSBs. Post-treatment of vanadyl-damaged DNA from lymphocytes with formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (Fpg), an enzyme recognizing oxidized purines, gave rise to a significant increase in the extent of DNA damage. A similar effect was observed in HeLa cells, but, using endonuclease III, we also detected oxidized pyrimidines in DNA of these cells. There were no differences in the extent of DNA damage in the lymphocytes and HeLa cells in the pH >13 and pH 12.1 conditions of the comet assay, which indicates that strand breaks, and not alkali-labile sites, contributed to the measured DNA damage. Study of DNA repair, determined in the comet assay as an ability of cells to decrease of DNA damage, revealed that HeLa cells retained the ability to repair vanadyl-damaged DNA induced at a ten-fold higher concentration than that in lymphocytes. Incubation of the cells with nitrone spin traps DMPO, POBN and PBN decreased the extent of DNA damage, which might follow from the production of free radicals by vanadyl sulfate. The presence of vitamins A, C or E caused an increase of DNA damage in HeLa cells whereas in lymphocytes such an increase was observed only for vitamin C. Our data indicate that vanadyl sulfate can be genotoxic for normal and cancer cells. It seems to have a higher genotoxic potential for cancer cells than for normal lymphocytes. Vitamins A, C and E can increase this potential.

Reproductive Toxicity of Vanadyl Sulphate in Male Rats

“…Vanadyl compounds are reported to cause DNA lesions by hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) formed by dismutation of superoxide anion radicals 8) and in long term can become genotoxic. 9) However, limited information is available about the reproductive toxicity of Vanadyl sulphate.…”

Orthovanadate-Induced Vasoconstriction of Rat Mesenteric Arteries Is Mediated by Rho Kinase-Dependent Inhibition of Myosin Light Chain Phosphatase

“…7,8) Vanadium compounds exert contractile effects on vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle, such as the guinea pig taenia coli, trachea, and gallbladder smooth muscle.9-11) The contractile effects of vanadates have been considered to be due to inhibition of PTPase, 9,11,12) but not ATPase, 13,14) because genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuates vanadateinduced constriction. Vanadate-induced muscle constriction was regulated by activation of Rho kinase-dependent signaling in ileal longitudinal smooth muscle in guinea pigs, resulting in increased phosphorylation of the myosin light chain (MLC).…”

“…7,8) Vanadium compounds exert contractile effects on vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle, such as the guinea pig taenia coli, trachea, and gallbladder smooth muscle.…”

“…1) Because of its structural similarity to phosphate, vanadate possesses various biochemical and pharmacological properties, such as the ability to inhibit ATPases 2) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases), 3) epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like mitogenic activity, 4) insulin-mimetic properties, 5) anti-apoptotic activities, 6) and antitumor or carcinogenic properties. 7,8) Vanadium compounds exert contractile effects on vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle, such as the guinea pig taenia coli, trachea, and gallbladder smooth muscle. [9][10][11] The contractile effects of vanadates have been considered to be due to inhibition of PTPase, 9,11,12) but not ATPase, 13,14) because genistein, a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor, attenuates vanadateinduced constriction.…”

Genotoxicity of commercial fungicide Cabrio Plus on human cell

“…* P \ 0.05; ** P \ 0.01; *** P \ 0.001 cytotoxicity of different chemicals (Drozdz et al 2011;Foldbjerg et al 2011;Klarić et al 2010;Viau et al 2009;Wozniak and Blasiak 2004). The tests performed on cell cultures and/or in the animal model indicated that agrochemicals could significantly increase DNA damage.…”