Vapor incubation of FASnI<sub>3</sub> films for efficient and stable lead-free inverted perovskite solar cells

Xu, Ligang; Zhang, Chi; Feng, Xiangyun; Lv, Wenxuan; Huang, Zuqiang; Lv, Wenzhen; Zheng, Chao; Xing, Guichuan; Huang, Wei; Chen, Runfeng

doi:10.1039/d1ta04722a

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Later on, to produce high‐quality FASnI 3 films, an innovative vapor incubation approach was used to regulate both the nucleation and development of perovskite crystallization. [ 92 ] The vapor incubation approach incubates the crystallization of the perovskite without adding or leaving any component in the active layer which may have detrimental impacts on the performance of PSCs, as opposed to additives in either solid or liquid states. Ethyl acetate, which has a high volatility, was used to produce a weak polar solvent vapor; as a result, the supersaturated driving force for the nucleation process was facilized by the low polar ethyl acetate vapor.…”

Section: Optimization Of Sn‐based Perovskite Film Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylammonium and Bromide‐Free Tin‐Based Low Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Imran

Rauf

Raza

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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its volatility and reversible/irreversible decomposition reaction even at low temperature, MA is gradually avoided in the material designs. [9] At the same time, FA is more thermally stable than MA due to its stronger hydrogen bonding with PbX 6 octahedra and benign reversible decomposition reaction below 85 °C, and it is the primary cation in practically all current high-performance PSCs. [10,11] Also, FA has no irreversible (nonselective) back reaction. [12] At the same time, in order to approach the bandgap of 1.34 eV according to the Schottky-Queisser (S-Q) limit, from initially MAPbI 3 to double cation (MAFA or FACs), [10,13,14] triple cation (CsMAFA) based perovskites, [5] eventually to quadruple (CsRbMAFA) based perovskites, [4,[15][16][17] and recently FAPbI 3 are dominated ones. [18][19][20] FAPbI 3 has an ideal, narrow bandgap since FA remains the largest organic cation that fits into a 3D perovskite crystal structure. [21] The implicit or explicit goal of perovskite research is to obtain a black FA-based (stable phase) perovskite at room temperature. Avoiding yellow phase impurities encouraged the advancement of processing techniques and elaborate multication, multi-halide mixtures.It has been proved that the invasion of Br anion at the X site is effective for stabilizing the black phase FA-based and other perovskites. But it leads to an adverse blue-shift of the bandgap disproportionately. For example, there is a spanning of 700 meV persisting in MAPbI x Br 1-x from 2.28 eV (MAPbBr 3 ) to 1.58 eV (MAPbI 3 ). [22] Furthermore, from a stability perspective, introducing Br anion in iodide-based perovskites is unfavorable since Br/I mixtures will undergo severe anion segregation Lead halide-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are intriguing candidates for photovoltaic technology because of their high efficiency, low cost, and simple process advantages. Owing to lead toxicity, PSCs based on partially/fully substituted Pb with tin have attracted tremendous attention, which would enable the ideal bandgap to approach the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) limit. Especially, methylammonium (MA), bromide-free, tin-based perovskites are striking, because of the intrinsic poor stability of MA and blue shift caused by the incorporation of Br − . The first section of this review emphasizes the motivation for studying single-junction MA, Br-free, and Sn-based perovskites. The film quality improvement strategies of Sn-based perovskites, including additive, composition, dimensional, and interface engineering toward high-efficiency devices are comprehensively overviewed. Moreover, strategies to improve stability, where shelf, thermal and operational stabilities of the devices are summarized. Finally, this review concludes with a discussion of actual limitations and future prospects for Sn-based PSCs.

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Section: Optimization Of Sn‐based Perovskite Film Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylammonium and Bromide‐Free Tin‐Based Low Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Imran

Rauf

Raza

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Various methods have been reported for encapsulation such as UV-curable epoxy sealing, 28 air-sealed encapsulation, 65 atomic layer deposition, 66 and roll-lamination, 67 where currently, UV curable glues are used for the encapsulation of inverted (p-i-n) PSCs. 68,69 However, this method has not been used to fabricate champion (high PCE) inverted (p-i-n) PSCs. Thus, it is vital to explore the encapsulation technique to explore the stability of inverted (p-i-n) PSCs against environmental conditions.…”

Section: Passivation Of Surfaces Interfaces and Grain Boundariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High efficiency (>20%) and stable inverted perovskite solar cells: current progress and future challenges

et al. 2022

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“…[ 17 , 18 ] Thus, the most important prerequisite for improved intrinsic stability of PSCs is regulating the quality of perovskite films. Various attempts have been made to achieve high‐quality perovskite films for improving the performance of PSCs, including vacuum or thermal assisting, [ 19 ] vapor incubation, [ 20 ] additive engineering, [ 21 ] post‐treatment and passivation, [ 22 ] and liquid medium annealing. [ 23 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing Soft Perovskite–Substrate Interfaces for Dynamic Modulation of Perovskite Film in Inverted Solar Cells with Over 6200 Hours Photostability

Qiu

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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High‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs) depend heavily on the quality of perovskite films, which is closely related to the lattice distortion, perovskite crystallization, and interfacial defects when being spin‐coated and annealed on the substrate surface. Here, a dynamic strategy to modulate the perovskite film formation by using a soft perovskite–substrate interface constructed by employing amphiphilic soft molecules (ASMs) with long alkyl chains and Lewis base groups is proposed. The hydrophobic alkyl chains of ASMs interacted with poly(triarylamine) (PTAA) greatly improve the wettability of PTAA to facilitate the nucleation and growth of perovskite crystals, while the Lewis base groups bound to perovskite lattices significantly passivate the defects in situ. More importantly, this soft perovskite–substrate interface with ASMs between PTAA and perovskite film can dynamically match the lattice distortion with reduced interfacial residual strain upon perovskite crystallization and thermal annealing owing to the soft self‐adaptive long‐chains, leading to high‐quality perovskite films. Thus, the inverted PSCs show a power conversion efficiency approaching 20% with good reproducibility and negligible hysteresis. More impressively, the unencapsulated device exhibits state‐of‐the‐art photostability, retaining 84% of its initial efficiency under continuous simulated 1‐sun illumination for more than 6200 h at elevated temperature (≈65 °C).

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Vapor incubation of FASnI₃ films for efficient and stable lead-free inverted perovskite solar cells

Abstract: Tin perovskites with narrow bandgap and high carrier mobility are highly attractive for environmentally friendly perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but the Sn-based PSCs are still less efficient and stable owing...

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Methylammonium and Bromide‐Free Tin‐Based Low Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Methylammonium and Bromide‐Free Tin‐Based Low Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

High efficiency (>20%) and stable inverted perovskite solar cells: current progress and future challenges

Constructing Soft Perovskite–Substrate Interfaces for Dynamic Modulation of Perovskite Film in Inverted Solar Cells with Over 6200 Hours Photostability

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Vapor incubation of FASnI3 films for efficient and stable lead-free inverted perovskite solar cells

Abstract: Tin perovskites with narrow bandgap and high carrier mobility are highly attractive for environmentally friendly perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but the Sn-based PSCs are still less efficient and stable owing...

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Methylammonium and Bromide‐Free Tin‐Based Low Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

Methylammonium and Bromide‐Free Tin‐Based Low Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells

High efficiency (>20%) and stable inverted perovskite solar cells: current progress and future challenges

Constructing Soft Perovskite–Substrate Interfaces for Dynamic Modulation of Perovskite Film in Inverted Solar Cells with Over 6200 Hours Photostability

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Vapor incubation of FASnI₃ films for efficient and stable lead-free inverted perovskite solar cells