Variability in sentence comprehension in aphasia in German

Pregla, Dorothea; Lissón, Paula; Vasishth, Shravan; Burchert, Frank; Stadie, Nicole

doi:10.31234/osf.io/7hfpx

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…One way to assess whether these deficits are plausible under a direct-access model is the computational modeling of experimental data. Lissón et al (2021) tested the direct-access model against self-paced listening data from individuals with aphasia, finding the model to be in line with multiple theories of processing deficits in aphasia. Despite this encouraging result, the model could not fit slow incorrect responses, due to its assumptions about backtrack-ing and its consequences.…”

Section: Sentence Comprehension In Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Finally, Caplan et al (2013) claim that IWA suffer from intermittent deficiencies in their parsing system that lead to parsing failures. Previous computational modeling work has shown that these theories may be complementary (Patil et al, 2016;Lissón et al, 2021), and that IWA may experience a combination of all of these deficits (Mätzig et al, 2018).…”

Section: Sentence Comprehension In Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The direct-access model can be adapted to explain impaired sentence comprehension in individuals with aphasia (IWA; Lissón et al, 2021). However, there is one crucial aspect of the directaccess model that is at odds with the aphasia literature, specifically with the finding that IWA have longer processing times for incorrect than for correct responses (e.g., Hanne et al, 2015;Pregla et al, 2021). The direct-access model assumes that some percentage of correct interpretations are only obtained after costly backtracking, and thus predicts that the average processing time for incorrect responses should be faster than for correct responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proceedings of the Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics

2021

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Word concreteness and imageability have proven crucial in understanding how humans process and represent language in the brain. While word-embeddings do not explicitly incorporate the concreteness of words into their computations, they have been shown to accurately predict human judgments of concreteness and imageability. Inspired by the recent interest in using neural activity patterns to analyze distributed meaning representations, we first show that brain responses acquired while human subjects passively comprehend natural stories can significantly distinguish the concreteness levels of the words encountered. We then examine for the same task whether the additional perceptual information in the brain representations can complement the contextual information in the word-embeddings. However, the results of our predictive models and residual analyses indicate the contrary. We find that the relevant information in the brain representations is a subset of the relevant information in the contextualized wordembeddings, providing new insight into the existing state of natural language processing models.

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Section: Sentence Comprehension In Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Sentence Comprehension In Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proceedings of the Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics

2021

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“…This would allow for a more comprehensive evaluation of the differences between the models, as well as an assessment of their predictive ability when modeling interference effects in different tasks, languages, and conditions. We are currently compiling a comprehensive database containing several tasks and conditions of data from IWAs and unimpaired controls in (Pregla, Lissón, Vasishth, Burchert, & Stadie, 2020). In future work, we intend to use this database to further evaluate the models discussed here.…”

Section: Some Limitations Of the Present Work And Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Evaluation of Two Models of Retrieval Processes in Sentence Processing in Aphasia

et al. 2021

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Can sentence comprehension impairments in aphasia be explained by difficulties arising from dependency completion processes in parsing? Two distinct models of dependency completion difficulty are investigated, the Lewis and Vasishth (2005) activation‐based model and the direct‐access model (DA; McElree, 2000). These models' predictive performance is compared using data from individuals with aphasia (IWAs) and control participants. The data are from a self‐paced listening task involving subject and object relative clauses. The relative predictive performance of the models is evaluated using k‐fold cross‐validation. For both IWAs and controls, the activation‐based model furnishes a somewhat better quantitative fit to the data than the DA. Model comparisons using Bayes factors show that, assuming an activation‐based model, intermittent deficiencies may be the best explanation for the cause of impairments in IWAs, although slowed syntax and lexical delayed access may also play a role. This is the first computational evaluation of different models of dependency completion using data from impaired and unimpaired individuals. This evaluation develops a systematic approach that can be used to quantitatively compare the predictions of competing models of language processing.

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“…This would allow for a more comprehensive evaluation of the differences between the models, as well as an assessment of their predictive ability when modeling interference effects in different tasks, languages, and conditions. We are currently compiling a comprehensive database containing several tasks and conditions of data from IWAs and unimpaired controls in German (Pregla et al, 2020). In future work, we intend to use this database to further evaluate the models discussed here.…”

Section: Some Limitations Of the Present Work And Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A computational evaluation of two models of retrieval processes in sentence processing in aphasia

Lissón¹,

Pregla²,

Nicenboim³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Can sentence comprehension impairments in aphasia be explained by difficulties arising from dependency completion processes in parsing? Two distinct models of dependency completion difficulty are investigated, the Lewis & Vasishth (2005) activation-based model, and the direct-access model (McElree, 2000). We compare these models’ predictive performance using data from individuals with aphasia (IWAs) and control participants. The data are from a self-paced listening task involving subject and object relative clauses. The relative predictive performance of the models is evaluated using k-fold cross validation. For both IWAs and controls, the activation model furnishes a somewhat better quantitative fit to the data than the direct-access model. This is the first computational evaluation of different models of dependency completion using data from impaired and unimpaired individuals. This evaluation develops a systematic approach that can be used to to quantitatively compare the predictions of competing models of language processing.

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Variability in sentence comprehension in aphasia in German

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Proceedings of the Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics

Proceedings of the Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics

A Computational Evaluation of Two Models of Retrieval Processes in Sentence Processing in Aphasia

A computational evaluation of two models of retrieval processes in sentence processing in aphasia

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