Variable oxygen emission from the accretion disk of Mrk 110

Reeves, J. N.; Porquet, D.; Braito, V.; Grosso, N.; Lobban, A.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140953

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Moreover, they confirm the presence of a broad O vii soft X-ray emission line, first identified by Boller et al (2007). For the first time, Reeves et al (2021b) report that the O vii line flux varies significantly with the soft X-ray continuum flux level, being brightest when the continuum flux is highest, similar to the reported behaviour of the optical He ii line (Véron-Cetty et al 2007). This O vii line originates from the accretion disc at a distance of a few tens of gravitational radii.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Even if the line width is not constrained, its high upper limit and the slightly lower line energy might indicate that a mild relativistic reflection component is present. The upper limit to the line width corresponds to a FWHM velocity width, of <12000 km s −1 , which is compatible with the widths of the accretion disc O vii emission line in the high resolution RGS spectra, for which the inner radius of the line emission is inferred to lie between about 20-100 R g from the black hole (Reeves et al 2021b). We note that since the accretion disc is seen almost face-on, the width of lines emitted above a few 10s of R g appears much narrower than for systems viewed at higher inclination angles, such as found in the bare AGN Ark 120 for the which the system is observed with an inclination angle of ∼30 degrees (Porquet et al 2018(Porquet et al , 2019.…”

Section: Main X-ray Spectral Components Of the 2019 And 2020 Xmm-newt...supporting

confidence: 75%

“…The xspec v12.11.1 software package (Arnaud 1996) was used for the spectral analysis. Since Reeves et al (2021b) found that there is no additional absorption compared to the Galactic one, we fix it in all forthcoming modelling at 1.27×10 20 cm −2 (HI4PI Collaboration et al 2016). We used the X-ray absorption model tbnew (version 2.3.2) from Wilms et al (2000), applying their interstellar medium (ISM) elemental abundances and the cross-sections from Verner et al (1996).…”

Section: Spectral Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We allow for cross-calibration uncertainties between the two NuSTAR spectra and the XMM-Newton/pn spectra by including in the fit a cross-normalization factor for the pair of NuSTAR FPMA and FPMB spectra, with respect to the pn spectra. Except in §3, the inclination angle of the accretion disc is fixed at 9.9 degrees (Reeves et al 2021b). We use χ 2 minimization throughout, quoting errors with 90% confidence intervals for one interesting parameter (∆χ 2 =2.71).…”

Section: Spectral Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From its optical/X-ray properties, black hole mass and accretion rate, Mrk 110 is then a BLS1. Reeves et al (2021b) found that the RGS spectra of Mrk 110 obtained between 2004 and 2020 exhibit no significant intrinsic X-ray warm absorption with an upper limit for its column density of only 2.6×10 20 cm −2 . This points out that Mrk 110 is a bare AGN whatever its flux level is.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The first simultaneous X-ray broad-band view of Mrk 110 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR

Porquet,

Reeves,

Grosso

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Context. Soft and hard X-ray excesses, compared to the continuum power-law shape between ∼2-10 keV, are common features observed in the spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and are associated with the accretion disc-corona system around the supermassive black hole. However, the dominant process at work is still highly debated and has been proposed to be either relativistic reflection or Comptonisation. Such an investigation can be problematic for AGN having significant intrinsic absorption, either cold or warm, which can severely distort the observed continuum. Therefore, AGN with no (or very weak) intrinsic absorption along the line of sight, called bare AGN, are the best targets to directly probe disc-corona systems. Aims. We aim to characterise the main X-ray spectral physical components from the bright bare Broad Line Seyfert 1 AGN Mrk 110, and the physical process(es) at work in its disc-corona system viewed almost face-on. Methods. We perform the X-ray broad-band spectral analysis thanks to two simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations performed on November 16-17 2019 and April 5-6 2020, we also use for the spectral analysis above 3 keV the deep NuSTAR observation obtained in January 2017.Results. The broad-band X-ray spectra of Mrk 110 are characterised by the presence of a prominent and absorption-free smooth soft X-ray excess, moderately broad O vii and Fe Kα emission lines and a lack of a strong Compton hump. The continuum above ∼3 keV is very similar at both epochs, while some variability (stronger when brighter) is present for the soft X-ray excess. A combination of soft and hard Comptonisation by a warm and hot corona, respectively, plus mildly relativistic disc reflection reproduce the broadband X-ray continuum very well. The inferred warm corona temperature, kT warm ∼0.3 keV, is similar to the values found in other sub-Eddington AGN, whereas the hot corona temperature, kT hot ∼ 21-31 keV (depending mainly on the assumed hot corona geometry), is found to be in the lower range of the values measured in AGN.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Main X-ray Spectral Components Of the 2019 And 2020 Xmm-newt...supporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Spectral Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spectral Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The first simultaneous X-ray broad-band view of Mrk 110 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR

Porquet,

Reeves,

Grosso

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The first simultaneous X-ray broadband view of Mrk 110 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR

Porquet

Reeves

Grosso

et al. 2021

A&A

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Context. Soft and hard X-ray excesses, compared to the continuum power-law shape between ∼2−10 keV, are common features observed in the spectra of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and are associated with the accretion disc-corona system around the supermassive black hole. However, the dominant process at work is still highly debated and has been proposed to be either relativistic reflection or Comptonisation. Such an investigation can be problematic for AGN that have significant intrinsic absorption, either cold or warm, which can severely distort the observed continuum. Therefore, AGN with no (or very weak) intrinsic absorption along the line-of-sight, called bare AGN, are the best targets for directly probing disc-corona systems. Aims. We aim to characterise the main X-ray spectral physical components from the bright bare broad-line Seyfert 1 AGN Mrk 110, as well as the physical process(es) at work in its disc-corona system viewed almost face-on. Methods. We perform the X-ray broadband spectral analysis thanks to two simultaneous XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations performed on November 16−17, 2019, and April 5−6, 2020. We also use a deep NuSTAR observation obtained in January 2017 for the spectral analysis above 3 keV. Results. The broadband X-ray spectra of Mrk 110 are characterised by the presence of a prominent and absorption-free smooth soft X-ray excess, moderately broad O VII and Fe Kα emission lines, and a lack of a strong Compton hump. The continuum above ∼3 keV is very similar at both epochs, while some variability (stronger when brighter) is present for the soft X-ray excess. A combination of soft and hard Comptonisation by a warm and hot corona, respectively, plus mildly relativistic disc reflection reproduce the broadband X-ray continuum very well. The inferred warm corona temperature, kTwarm ∼ 0.3 keV, is similar to the values found in other sub-Eddington AGN, whereas the hot corona temperature, kThot ∼ 21−31 keV (depending mainly on the assumed hot corona geometry), is found to be in the lower range of the values measured in AGN.

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Modeling time delays from two reprocessors in active galactic nuclei

Jaiswal

Prince

Panda

et al. 2023

A&A

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Context. Continuum time delays from accretion disks in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have long been proposed as a tool for measuring distances to monitored sources. However, the method faces serious problems as a number of effects must be taken into account, including the contribution from the broad line region (BLR). Aims. In this paper, we model the expected time delays when both the disk reprocessing of the incident X-ray flux and further reprocessing by the BLR are included, with the aim to see whether the two effects can be disentangled. Methods. We used a simple response function for the accretion disk, without relativistic effects, and we used a parametric description to account for the BLR contribution. We included only the scattering of the disk emission by the BLR inter-cloud medium. We also used artificial light curves with one-day samplings to check whether the effects are likely to be seen in real data. Results. We show that the effect of the BLR scattering on the predicted time delay is very similar to the effect of the rising height of the X-ray source, without any BLR contribution. This brings additional degeneracy for potential applications in the future, when attempting to recover the parameters of the system from the observed time delays in a specific object. Both effects, however, modify the slope of the delay-versus-wavelength curve when plotted in log space, which opens a way to obtaining bare disk time delay needed for cosmology. In addition, when the disk irradiation is strong, the modification of the predicted delay by the BLR scattering and by X-ray source height become considerably different. In this regard, simulations of the expected bias are also presented.

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Variable oxygen emission from the accretion disk of Mrk 110

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

The first simultaneous X-ray broad-band view of Mrk 110 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR

The first simultaneous X-ray broad-band view of Mrk 110 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR

The first simultaneous X-ray broadband view of Mrk 110 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR

Modeling time delays from two reprocessors in active galactic nuclei

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