Variables Involved in the Management of School Bullying: A Bayesian Network Analysis

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the management of bullying by the managers of elementary schools. Methods: Descriptive, exploratory research carried out through semi-structured interviews with 17 school counselors from a city in the South of Brazil, randomly selected from different geographical sectors. The interviews were recorded with participants’ consent and, after transcription and checking, were discarded. The interviews covered the following subjects: sociodemographic characterization of subjects, school functioning, comprehension, recognition and management of bullying cases by counselors. Data analysis was performed using the Bayesian network associated with content analysis. Results: The majority of subjects were females, between 30 and 50 years old. Fifteen subjects were graduated in pedagogy, and all had postgraduate degrees. Most of them worked as counselor for less than three years. Only two subjects, between 30 and 50 years old, understood the term bullying. Case recognition was lower in this age group. Having a degree influenced positively the recognition of bullying. The higher the number of students in the school, the lower the recognition of cases by managers. All subjects managed cases by addressing children, families, staff, and involving professionals and support groups. Conclusions: The understanding and recognition of bullying was given by a few interviewees. All managers reported similar management actions in the cases. Given the scarcity of studies on bullying management in schools, more studies in this area could improve the approach of cases and contribute to their reduction.

Noções De Bullying Escolar E Sua Aproximação Com Preconceito: Uma Revisão Integrativa Da Literatura Científica

“…Quanto ao delineamento do estudo, 14 artigos apresentaram pesquisas quantitativas, cinco apresentaram pesquisas qualitativas e dois delineamento misto. No que se refere aos objetivos, sete artigos pretenderam estimar a prevalência de algum indicador relacionado ao fenômeno bullying (Malta et al, 2022;Silva et al, 2019;Santos & Faro, 2018;Mota et al, 2018;Mello et al, 2018); quatro tiveram como interesse investigar fatores relacionados à ocorrência de bullying (Russo, 2020;Veloso et al, 2020;Sousa et al, 2019;Silva et al, 2018); quatro investigaram as vivências, autopercepções ou sentidos sobre o bullying entre estudantes (Faria et al, 2022;Oliveira et al, 2018;Santos & Silva, 2021;Zamprogno et al, 2020); dois avaliaram as percepções ou atitudes de educadores no contexto de bullying escolar (Mezzalira et al, 2021;Bitencourt et al, 2020); dois investigaram os efeitos de alguma intervenção de combate ao bullying (Alencastro et al, 2020;Bottan et al, 2020); um se interessou pelo impacto do bullying no bem-estar subjetivo (Alcantara et al, 2019); e outro pela produção subjetiva do cuidado (Pigozi, 2018). Esses dados mostram a maior presença de estudos quantitativos, que se interessam mais por analisar prevalências e fatores relacionados à ocorrência do fenômeno bullying, totalizando 11 artigos.…”

“…No estudo de Santos e Faro (2018), as meninas foram as vítimas mais frequentes. Bitencourt et al (2020) referem-se aos termos obeso e cor da pele como aqueles relacionados às crianças mais suscetíveis a se tornarem vítimas de bullying. Russo (2020) fala da aparência do próprio corpo como um dos principais motivos de ocorrência de bullying e aponta resultados em que as meninas pretas e que os escolares abaixo ou acima do peso apresentam maior probabilidade de vitimização por bullying.…”