Variación anual de la composición química del aceite esencial de Lippia Alba (Verbenaceae) cultivada en Costa Rica

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The variation of the annual chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves of Lippia alba (Verbenaceae) sweet form cultivated in the tropical Caribbean region of Costa Rica was determined by capillary GC/FID and GC/MS. The major constituents are carvone (62.44 -67.55 %) and limonene (20.77 -24.95 %).RESUMEN. Se estudió la variación anual de la composición química del aceite esencial de las hojas de Lippia alba (Verbenaceae), forma dulce, que crece en la región tropical húmeda de Costa Rica, utilizando cromatografía de gases capilar (CG) y espectrometría de masas (EM). Los constituyentes mayoritarios del aceite son carvona (62,44 -67,55 %) y limoneno (20,77 -24,95 %).PALABRAS CLAVE / KEY WORDS: Lippia alba, Verbenaceae, aceite esencial / essential oil, cromatografía de gases / GC-MS analysis, carvona / carvone, limoneno / limonene. La juanilama o Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown es una planta aromática que se cultiva en los jardines de muchas casas de Costa Rica, tanto en el Valle Central como en zonas del Pacífi co sur y del Atlántico. Como razones para ese cultivo encontramos que la planta posee propiedades medicinales y que es apreciada por los apicultores puesto que produce gran cantidad de néctar.En general, el uso tradicional y popular de L. alba en América está referido principalmente a la infusión de las hojas y las fl ores. Se emplea

Lupane Triterpenes with a δ-Lactone at Ring E, from Lippia mexicana

“…The IR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Tensor 27 spectrometer. 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra were recorded either on a Varian Unity Plus 500 ( 1 H at 500 MHz; 13 C at 125 MHz) or on a Varian Unity ( 1 H at 300 MHz; 13 C at 75 MHz) spectrometer, with TMS as internal standard. EIMS and ESIMS were recorded on a JEOL JMS-AX505HA or on an ESI ion trap Bruker Esquire 6000 mass spectrometer.…”

“…is a genus of the Verbenaceae including about 200 species of herbs, shrubs, and small trees, many of which are aromatic. As a consequence of this characteristic, the chemical studies of Lippia species have been focused on the composition of their essential oils, and a number of these plants are used as seasoning for food and beverages; Lippia graveolens H. B. K., known as Mexican oregano, is an example. − Although the studies on nonvolatile compounds of these plants are few, flavonoids, − phenylpropanoid and phenylethanoid glycosides, napthoquinones, iridoid glycosides, , sesquiterpenes, ,,, and triterpenes ,,, have been isolated from members of this genus. Moreover, in folk medicine, Lippia species have been used mainly as remedies for respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders, but also to treat malaria, hypertension, diabetes, syphilis, and hepatic diseases and as sedatives, stimulants, abortifacients, analgesics, and anti-inflammatories …”

“…Three new lupane-type triterpenes, lippiolide (1), lippiolidolic acid (2), and lippiolic acid (3), were isolated from aerial parts of Lippia mexicana. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited a δ-lactone at ring E. The known cycloartane triterpene 5 was also isolated.…”

Chemistry of essential oils of the shrub Lippia alba (Verbenaceae) from Mexico and Costa Rica

“…Lippia alba is an aromatic perennial shrub that grows up to 2 meters with serrate, opposite, alternate leaves with small flowers purple to violet, with pink or white variations, occurring in leaf axils. This plant is cultivated for its commercial importance in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica and Guatemala (Cicció & Ocampo, 2006;Ricciardi et al, 2009). In the American Continent, the geographical distribution of Lippia alba (Mill.)…”

Anxiolytic-like Effect of Essential Oils Extracted from Lippia alba and Lippia citriodora

“…Hydrodistillation was completed for 3 h after boiling. Then the oil was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and stored in a refrigerator in amber glass vials at 4°C for further use in experiments 21 . The same procedure was carried out for both species.…”