Variant anatomy and dimensional parameters of mandible head depending on gender and cranial shape in the first adult age

Abstract

Objective: to identify the frequency of occurrence and size characteristics of various forms of the head of the lower jaw, depending on the sex and shape of the skull in people of the first period of adulthood. Material and methods. Subject: 77 women (21-35 years old) and 78 men (22-35 years old). The shape and dimensions of the man-dibular head were determined on cone-beam computed tomograms. Results. The most common was the oval shape of the mandibular head (73% in women, 51 % in men). In women, the bean-shaped form was least common (9%), in men — cone-shaped (10%). Bilateral differences in the size characteristics of the mandibular head were revealed: on the right, the frontal diameter is 5.0% larger, and the sagittal diameter and height of the head are 3.7 and 5.0% smaller (p=0.010-0.017). The height of the oval head on the right and left is 15.5 and 10.8% greaterthan that of the head of the lower jaw, which has a bean-shaped shape (p<0.001). With an increase in cranial index, the height of the mandibular head on the right decreases (r=-0.36); the height of the head on the right increases with increasing cranial vault length {r=0.33) and with decreasing cranial vault width (r=-0.27). Conclusion. The oval head of the lower jaw in women/men with brachycrania was found in 18.2/23.1%, with dolichocrania in 22.1/11.5%, with mesocrania in 32.5/16.7% of cases. The bean-shaped head in women/men of brachycranes was detected in 1.3/2.6%, mesocranes in 7.7/24.4%, dolichocranes in 0/11.5% of cases. The cone-shaped head in women/men of brachycranes was noted in 2.6/6.4%, mesocranes in 7.8/3.8%, dolichocranes in 7.8/0% of cases.