Variation in RAD51 details a hub of functions: opportunities to advance cancer diagnosis and therapy

Zon, Nick Ll van der; Kanaar, Roland; Wyman, Claire

doi:10.12688/f1000research.15650.1

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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Section: Rad51 and Genome Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inactivating RAD51 can have profound effects on genome stability leading to cancer as well as an FA-like syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure and cancer ( 6 , 7 , 41 ). RAD51 activity can be disrupted by direct mutations in the RAD51 gene or through alterations in its regulators such as BRCA2 , PALB2 and the RAD51 paralogs ( 6 , 41 ). While RAD51 mutations are associated with many cancer types, mutations in genes that regulate RAD51 are more closely associated with breast and ovarian cancers ( 6 , 7 , 42 , 43 ).…”

Section: Rad51 and Genome Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation and pharmacological targeting of RAD51 in cancer

2020

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Regulation of homologous recombination (HR) is central for cancer prevention. However, too little HR can increase cancer incidence, whereas too much HR can drive cancer resistance to therapy. Importantly, therapeutics targeting HR deficiency have demonstrated a profound efficacy in the clinic improving patient outcomes, particularly for breast and ovarian cancer. RAD51 is central to DNA damage repair in the HR pathway. As such, understanding the function and regulation of RAD51 is essential for cancer biology. This review will focus on the role of RAD51 in cancer and beyond and how modulation of its function can be exploited as a cancer therapeutic.

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Section: Rad51 and Genome Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rad51 and Genome Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation and pharmacological targeting of RAD51 in cancer

2020

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“…RAD51 is another key protein in the HR pathway that is also associated with prognosis and treatment response in various cancers. A growing number of studies demonstrate that RAD51 protein is overexpressed in many cancers including breast, prostate, bladder, pancreas, and lung, and this overexpression can up-regulate HR activity and result in resistance to DNA-damaging drugs [88][89][90][91]. Increased expression of RAD51 has also been reported in sarcoma patients [92,93].…”

Section: Rad51mentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Repair Defects in Sarcomas

Riyahi¹,

Saadatzadeh²,

Bijangi-Vishehsaraei³

et al. 2021

DNA - Damages and Repair Mechanisms

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DNA repair pathway is considered to be one of the most important mechanisms that protect cells from intrinsic and extrinsic stresses. It has been established that DNA repair activity has a crucial role in the way that cancer cells respond to treatment. Sarcomas are a group of tumors with mesenchymal origin in which their association with DNA repair aberrations has been reported in numerous studies. Special attention has been focused on exploiting these alterations to improve the patient’s overall survival and overcome drug resistance in cancer. While there is a large degree of heterogeneity among different types of sarcomas, DNA repair alteration is found to be a common defect in the majority of patients. In this chapter, we will introduce and review some of the most important dysregulated components involved in the DNA repair system, and discuss their association with tumorigenesis, cancer aggressiveness, drug resistance, and overall prognosis in the patients with sarcomas.

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“…It is noteworthy that DNA damagerelated response plays a central role in maintaining genomic stability and cellular survival. RAD51, as a DNA repair gene, is involved in DNA damage response, cell cycle checkpoint and maintains the stability of the gene [123,124]. Overexpression of RAD51 was documented in diverse human tumors, and was predicted significantly related to OSCC prognosis [125].…”

Section: Application Of Exosomes As Therapeutic Drug Delivery Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging functions and clinical applications of exosomes in human oral diseases

2020

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Exosomes are cell-derived membranous vesicles of endosomal origin secreted by all type of cells and present in various body fluids. Exosomes are enriched in peptides, lipids, and nucleic acids, emerging as vital modulators in intercellular communication. Exosomes are increasingly being evaluated as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, because the constituents of exosomes could be reprogrammed depending on the states of diseases. These features also make exosomes a research hotspot in oral diseases in recent years. In this review, we outlined the characteristics of exosomes, focused on the differential expressions and altered biological functions of exosomes in oral diseases, including oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral leukoplakia, periodontitis, primary Sjögren's syndrome, oral lichen planus, as well as hand foot and mouth disease. Besides, accumulated evidence documents that it is implementable to consider the natural nanostructured exosomes as a new strategy for disease treatment. Herein, we highlighted the therapeutic potential of exosomes in oral tissue regeneration, oncotherapy, wound healing, and their superiority as therapeutic drug delivery vehicles.

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Variation in RAD51 details a hub of functions: opportunities to advance cancer diagnosis and therapy

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Regulation and pharmacological targeting of RAD51 in cancer

Regulation and pharmacological targeting of RAD51 in cancer

DNA Repair Defects in Sarcomas

Emerging functions and clinical applications of exosomes in human oral diseases

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