Variation in the key indicators during composting of municipal solid organic wastes

Jain, Mayur Shirish; Daga, Mohit; Kalamdhad, Ajay S.

doi:10.1186/s42834-019-0012-9

Cited by 51 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It may be due to the adequate availability of substrate to the microbes. The result is supported by Jain et al, (2019) where TVS decreased during composting of vegetable waste, saw-dust and cow-dung at thermophilic phase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Assessment of rotary drum and aerated in-vessel for composting of garden waste

Mishra

Yadav

2021

Preprint

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For in-vessel composting of garden waste, the selection of reactor is an important factor for efficient degradation. The present study evaluates working performance of rotary drum reactor (RDR) and aerated in-vessel (AIV) for composting of garden waste. 100 kg garden waste was mixed with 10 kg cow-dung slurry and 5 kg compost and feed into both the reactors for 45 days composting period. The reactors vary in their system configuration, shape and orientation, blade design, rate of aeration, odour control, leachate production and energy requirements. Rotary drum was rotated daily six times in clockwise and anti-clockwise direction and AIV was rotated daily for 3–5 minutes using motor. Rise in temperature started within 24 hours of composting and reached 65°C and 59°C on second day itself and thermophilic phase continued for 7 and 5 days for RDR and AIV respectively. Moisture content reduction after composting period was 15.25 and 18.45 %, C/N ratio was 16.14 and 13.33, TVS reduction was 23.74 and 29.78 % and CO2 evolution rate was 6.18 and 4.14 mg/g VS/day in RDR and AIV respectively. Reduction of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin was more in AIV. The percentage reduction of acid insoluble lignin was 36.10 and 29.01 % and the percentage reduction of acid soluble lignin was 48.85 and 43.3% in in AIV and RDR respectively after 45 days. AIV gave better performance for composting of garden waste.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Assessment of rotary drum and aerated in-vessel for composting of garden waste

Mishra

Yadav

2021

Preprint

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“…A gradual increase of bulk density was observed during the composting period. The increase in bulk density might be due to the prominent reduction in volume of compost than that of its mass [11]. The bulk density of mature composts ranges from 0.41 g cc -1 (C2) to 0.71 g cc -1 (C3).…”

Section: Physical Properties Of Compostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in bulk density might be due to the prominent reduction in volume of compost than that of the mass. Significant increase in bulk density during composting have been reported [11,12].…”

Section: Physical Properties Of Compostsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Stabilization in Sewage Sludge Composting Process

Rehana

Joseph

Gladis

2020

CJAST

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The most important factor limiting the soil application of sewage sludge is the presence of heavy metals. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of composting on nutrient content, heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb) concentration and heavy metal fractions in the sewage composts with different bulking agents (sawdust and coirpith), heavy metal adsorbent (zeolite) and liming materials (lime and flyash). Experimental results revealed that sewage sludge composts were rich in organic carbon and plant nutrients. Total nutrients and heavy metal concentration showed an increasing trend towards the maturity of composts. Heavy metal fractionation studies pointed out that mobile fractions of heavy metals such as exchangeable and carbonate fractions decreased at the end of composting whereas the residual fractions increased which indicates that composting of sewage sludge with heavy metal adsorbent and different bulking agents decreased the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals. The compost C8 (Sewage sludge + sawdust + zeolite (50:30:20) + flyash) was superior with respect to stabilization of heavy metals studied. The concentration of Cd, Cr and Pb were within the permissible limit as per Fertilizer Control Order (FCO). The addition of coal flyash and zeolite enhanced the stabilization of heavy metals due to the higher alkalinity and ion exchange capacity of flyash and zeolite respectively. Polyphenolic group and organic compounds present in sawdust also have the ability to bind heavy metal. The study revealed that composting is an effective technology for reducing the heavy metal bioavailability and the heavy metal speciation studies of the matured composts revealed that considerable portion of the heavy metals were associated with immobile fractions indicating less bioavailability and ecotoxicity.

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“…The harmful content of HCN in peel waste is such a great concern to the environment. As stated by Jain et al [39], agro-waste is a municipal solid organic wastes that could hold a very high moisture content, which is nuisance to the surrounding. The release of HCN to the surrounding is mainly caused by the linamarase enzyme that undergoes cyanogenesis activity on the undisturbed tapioca waste [40].…”

Section: Brief Overview Of Manihot Esculenta Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, Morphological, and Physicochemical Characteristics of a New Composite Coagulant Made From Polyaluminium Chloride and Agro-waste of Tapioca Peel

Sna¹,

Mzn²,

Othman³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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A combination of a metal coagulant with an organic polymer can complement both the outstanding and flaw properties of the separate elements. A novel composite coagulant of polyaluminium chloride (PAC)-tapioca peel extract powder (TPP) called PACTPP with different weights ratio was prepared in this study. In the preliminary study, PACTPPg at the weight/weight ratio of TPP/Al=3.71 was selected as the optimum one based on the performance in treating wastewater sample of landfill leachate. Through all characterisation analyses, it revealed that the novel composite reagent exhibits better coagulant properties when compared with the individual coagulants of PAC and TPP. It was characterised that PACTPPg had combined the best benefits from PAC and TPP, with an acidic property of pH 3.45, the low charge density of 3.45 mV, the higher molecular weight of 1.59 × 107 g/mol, the bigger particle size of 4.528 × 104 d.mn, and a longer connected and compact structure. Through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, PACTPPg was identified to comprise new chemical compounds, i.e., the functional groups of ketones, aldehydes, and alkanes in a semi-formed crystalline phase. Based on the comparison study, it can be concluded that PACTPPg showed a correlation to encompass the complex interpenetration networks rather than just a simple mechanical mixing of raw materials.

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Variation in the key indicators during composting of municipal solid organic wastes

Cited by 51 publications

References 37 publications

Assessment of rotary drum and aerated in-vessel for composting of garden waste

Assessment of rotary drum and aerated in-vessel for composting of garden waste

Heavy Metal Stabilization in Sewage Sludge Composting Process

Structure, Morphological, and Physicochemical Characteristics of a New Composite Coagulant Made From Polyaluminium Chloride and Agro-waste of Tapioca Peel

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