Variations in association of nasal microbiota with virulent and non-virulent strains of Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis in weaning piglets

Mahmmod, Yasser S.; Correa‐Fiz, Florencia; Aragón, Virginia

doi:10.1186/s13567-020-0738-8

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Fifteen G. parasuis serovars that differ in virulence have been described [ 12 , 13 ]. However, healthy pigs can carry serovars commonly isolated from systemic sites in the URT, alongside isolates of serovars rarely identified in clinical disease [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Glaesserella parasuis strains isolated from North America, Europe and Asia by serotyping PCR and LS-PCR

Macedo

Gottschalk

Strutzberg-Minder

et al. 2021

Vet Res

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Glaesserella parasuis strains were characterized by serotyping PCR, vtaA virulence marker Leader Sequence (LS)-PCR, clinical significance, and geographic region. Overall, the serovars 4, 5/12, 7, 1, and 13 were the most commonly detected. Serovars of greatest clinical relevance were systemic isolates that had a higher probability of being serovar 5/12, 13, or 7. In comparison, pulmonary isolates had a higher likelihood of being serovars 2, 4, 7, or 14. Serovars 5/12 and 13 have previously been considered disease-associated, but this study agrees with other recent studies showing that serovar 7 is indeed associated with systemic G. parasuis disease. Serovar 4 strains illustrated how isolates can have varying degrees of virulence and be obtained from pulmonary, systemic, or nasal sites. Serovars 8, 9, 15, and 10 were predominantly obtained from nasal samples, which indicates a limited clinical significance of these serovars. Additionally, most internal G. parasuis isolates were classified as virulent by LS-PCR and were disease-associated isolates, including serovars 1, 2, 4, 5/12, 7, 13, and 14. Isolates from the nasal cavity, including serovars 6, 9, 10, 11, and 15, were classified as non-virulent by LS-PCR. In conclusion, the distribution of G. parasuis serovars remains constant, with few serovars representing most of the strains isolated from affected pigs. Moreover, it was confirmed that the LS-PCR can be used for G. parasuis virulence prediction of field strains worldwide.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Glaesserella parasuis strains isolated from North America, Europe and Asia by serotyping PCR and LS-PCR

Macedo

Gottschalk

Strutzberg-Minder

et al. 2021

Vet Res

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“…A balance between colonization by these potential pathogens and the host is established during the early stages of the piglets’ life [ 11 ] where the immune system plays a crucial role to establish this balance and maintain health. Recently, the role of particular taxa from the piglet microbiota has been shown in the polyserositis caused by G. parasuis where Lactobacillus and Prevotella were associated with health, while Moraxella , Haemophilus ( Glaesserella ) and Streptococcus were associated with Glässer’s disease [ 6 , 12 ]. Similarly, differences in the oropharyngeal microbiota have been associated with the development of respiratory diseases in pigs [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Nasal Microbiota Composition Associated with Development of Polyserositis by Mycoplasma hyorhinis

et al. 2021

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Fibrinous polyserositis in swine farming is a common pathological finding in nursery animals. The differential diagnosis of this finding should include Glaesserella parasuis (aetiological agent of Glässer’s disease) and Mycoplasma hyorhinis, among others. These microorganisms are early colonizers of the upper respiratory tract of piglets. The composition of the nasal microbiota at weaning was shown to constitute a predisposing factor for the development of Glässer’s disease. Here, we unravel the role of the nasal microbiota in the subsequent systemic infection by M. hyorhinis, and the similarities and differences with Glässer’s disease. Nasal samples from farms with recurrent problems with polyserositis associated with M. hyorhinis (MH) or Glässer’s disease (GD) were included in this study, together with healthy control farms (HC). Nasal swabs were taken from piglets in MH farms at weaning, before the onset of the clinical outbreaks, and were submitted to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing (V3–V4 region). These sequences were analyzed together with sequences from similar samples previously obtained in GD and HC farms. Animals from farms with disease (MH and GD) had a nasal microbiota with lower diversity than those from the HC farms. However, the composition of the nasal microbiota of the piglets from these disease farms was different, suggesting that divergent microbiota imbalances may predispose the animals to the two systemic infections. We also found variants of the pathogens that were associated with the farms with the corresponding disease, highlighting the importance of studying the microbiome at strain-level resolution.

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“…However, this specific association of the ASVs from one taxon to one group was not observed in other ASVs, reinforcing the importance of detailed analyses at the ASV level. Strains within a given taxon can be heterogeneous, as demonstrated for Glaesserella 26 , 27 or Moraxella spp. nasal isolates 28 , and therefore they can play a different role in the microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sow vaccination against virulent Glaesserella parasuis shapes the nasal microbiota of their offspring

Blanco-Fuertes

Correa‐Fiz

López-Serrano

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Glaesserella parasuis is the etiological agent of Glässer’s disease, a common pathology in the pork industry with higher prevalence in the postweaning period. Vaccination is one of the strategies to control this disease. Here, we investigated the effect that sow vaccination against virulent strains of G. parasuis had in the nasal microbiota of their offspring. Nasal swabs from fifteen days-old piglets from vaccinated (vs-P, n = 11) and unvaccinated sows (cs-P, n = 11) were obtained and DNA was extracted for 16S amplicon sequencing. Microbiota composition was different, with lower diversity in vs-P, and a strong clustering of the groups in beta diversity analysis. Among the 1509 sequences associated to either study group, all the sequences classified as G. parasuis (10 ASVs) had lower relative abundance in the vs-P group. A list of 32 inferred metabolic pathways were statistically different between groups. A distinctive structure of the two microbial networks was detected, with modules in the cs-P not conserved in the vs-P network. In conclusion, vaccination of the sows had a large effect in the microbiota composition of their offspring that went beyond the effect on the targeted pathogen. The mechanisms underneath these changes may include alteration of the microbiota network due to the elimination of the targeted pathogen and/or immunological changes.

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Variations in association of nasal microbiota with virulent and non-virulent strains of Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis in weaning piglets

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Molecular characterization of Glaesserella parasuis strains isolated from North America, Europe and Asia by serotyping PCR and LS-PCR

Molecular characterization of Glaesserella parasuis strains isolated from North America, Europe and Asia by serotyping PCR and LS-PCR

Altered Nasal Microbiota Composition Associated with Development of Polyserositis by Mycoplasma hyorhinis

Sow vaccination against virulent Glaesserella parasuis shapes the nasal microbiota of their offspring

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